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Diagnostic Advances in Childhood Tuberculosis—Improving Specimen Collection and Yield of Microbiological Diagnosis for Intrathoracic Tuberculosis

by Orne-Gliemann, Joanna , Taguebue, Jean-Voisin , Wobudeya, Eric , Walters, Elisabetta Ghimenton , Nabeta, Pamela , Nicol, Mark P. , Bonnet, Maryline , Marcy, Olivier , Mchembere, Walter , Song, Rinn , Murithi, Wilfred , Dim, Bunnet

in Adults / Automation / Children / Collection / Diagnosis / Diagnostic tests / Human health and pathology / Infectious diseases / Laboratories / Life Sciences / microbiological tests / Microscopy / Pediatrics / Pulmonology and respiratory tract / Reproducibility / Review / sample collection methods / Tuberculosis

2022

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Diagnostic Advances in Childhood Tuberculosis—Improving Specimen Collection and Yield of Microbiological Diagnosis for Intrathoracic Tuberculosis

2022

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Diagnostic Advances in Childhood Tuberculosis—Improving Specimen Collection and Yield of Microbiological Diagnosis for Intrathoracic Tuberculosis

2022

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Journal Article

Diagnostic Advances in Childhood Tuberculosis—Improving Specimen Collection and Yield of Microbiological Diagnosis for Intrathoracic Tuberculosis

Orne-Gliemann, Joanna,

Taguebue, Jean-Voisin,

Wobudeya, Eric,

Walters, Elisabetta Ghimenton,

Nabeta, Pamela,

Nicol, Mark P.,

Bonnet, Maryline,

Marcy, Olivier,

Mchembere, Walter,

Song, Rinn,

Murithi, Wilfred,

Dim, Bunnet

2022

Overview

There is no microbiological gold standard for childhood tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis. The paucibacillary nature of the disease, challenges in sample collection in young children, and the limitations of currently available microbiological tests restrict microbiological confirmation of intrathoracic TB to the minority of children. Recent WHO guidelines recommend the use of novel rapid molecular assays as initial diagnostic tests for TB and endorse alternative sample collection methods for children. However, the uptake of these tools in high-endemic settings remains low. In this review, we appraise historic and new microbiological tests and sample collection techniques that can be used for the diagnosis of intrathoracic TB in children. We explore challenges and possible ways to improve diagnostic yield despite limitations, and identify research gaps to address in order to improve the microbiological diagnosis of intrathoracic TB in children.

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Publisher

MDPI AG,MDPI

Subject

/ Human health and pathology