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Effects of Year Long Aerobic Exercise on Left Atrial Size in Patients With Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
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Effects of Year Long Aerobic Exercise on Left Atrial Size in Patients With Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
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Effects of Year Long Aerobic Exercise on Left Atrial Size in Patients With Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
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Journal Article
Effects of Year Long Aerobic Exercise on Left Atrial Size in Patients With Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
2025
Overview
•High intensity and long duration aerobic exercise training increases the risk for left atrial enlargement, an important risk factor for the development of atrial fibrillation.•The effects of chronic aerobic exercise upon left atrial size are amplified in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy and increased LV stiffness.•The effects of these changes on atrial electromechanical properties and atrial fibrosis need further investigation.•Further work is also needed to understand long term effects of habitual aerobic exercise and risk for atrial fibrillation in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy.
Habitual aerobic exercise is associated with left atrial (LA) enlargement which may increase risk of atrial fibrillation. Patients with LVH and increased LV stiffness may be more predisposed to LA remodeling due to higher LA pressures during exercise. We tested the hypothesis 1 year of aerobic exercise training would increase LA size to a greater extent in patients with LVH than controls. Adults with LVH (n = 53) enriched for increased cardiac risk and LV stiffness and control (CON) subjects (n = 58) were randomized to 1 year of high intensity aerobic exercise (ex) or yoga control. LA and LV volumes were measured using 3D echo. Of 111 participants, 83 had complete data available (LVH: 18 exercisers, 10 yoga; CON: 29 exercisers, 26 yoga). Baseline LA volume indices were similar between groups (LVH: 19.8 ± 4.4 mL/m2 vs CON: 18.8 ± 4.1 mL/m2; p = 0.33). After 1 year, the effects of exercise (p = 0.003) and LVH (p = 0.001) were each associated with increased LA volume index. More subjects in the LVH/exercise group (33.3%) increased LA size >5 mL/m2 and LA/LV volume ratios >0.1 compared to the other groups (10% LVH/yoga, 3.4% CON/ex, 3.8% CON/yoga; Chi square p = 0.006).
In conclusion, 1 year of aerobic training resulted in higher LA volumes in subjects with LVH and LV stiffness compared to healthy subjects. The increase in LA size was greater than changes in LV size suggesting chronic aerobic training in may preferentially affect LA remodeling in subjects with LVH and LV stiffness.
Publisher
Elsevier Inc,Elsevier Limited
Subject
/ Aged
/ Atrial Remodeling - physiology
/ Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
/ Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional
/ Exercise
/ Female
/ Heart
/ Heart Atria - diagnostic imaging
/ Heart Atria - physiopathology
/ Humans
/ Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular - diagnostic imaging
/ Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular - physiopathology
/ Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular - rehabilitation
/ left ventricular hypertrophy
/ Male
/ Yoga
