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Atomic-scale sensing of the magnetic dipolar field from single atoms
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Journal Article
Atomic-scale sensing of the magnetic dipolar field from single atoms
2017
Overview
The dipole–dipole magnetic interaction between individual atoms on MgO surfaces is quantified by performing electron spin resonance by means of a scanning tunnelling microscope, opening new paths towards structural imaging with sub-nm resolution.
Spin resonance provides the high-energy resolution needed to determine biological and material structures by sensing weak magnetic interactions
1
. In recent years, there have been notable achievements in detecting
2
and coherently controlling
3
,
4
,
5
,
6
,
7
individual atomic-scale spin centres for sensitive local magnetometry
8
,
9
,
10
. However, positioning the spin sensor and characterizing spin–spin interactions with sub-nanometre precision have remained outstanding challenges
11
,
12
. Here, we use individual Fe atoms as an electron spin resonance (ESR) sensor in a scanning tunnelling microscope to measure the magnetic field emanating from nearby spins with atomic-scale precision. On artificially built assemblies of magnetic atoms (Fe and Co) on a magnesium oxide surface, we measure that the interaction energy between the ESR sensor and an adatom shows an inverse-cube distance dependence (
r
−3.01±0.04
). This demonstrates that the atoms are predominantly coupled by the magnetic dipole–dipole interaction, which, according to our observations, dominates for atom separations greater than 1 nm. This dipolar sensor can determine the magnetic moments of individual adatoms with high accuracy. The achieved atomic-scale spatial resolution in remote sensing of spins may ultimately allow the structural imaging of individual magnetic molecules, nanostructures and spin-labelled biomolecules.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group
Subject
