Journal Article

Effect of daily consumption of cranberry beverage on insulin sensitivity and modification of cardiovascular risk factors in adults with obesity: a pilot, randomised, placebo-controlled study

Greenway, Frank L., Beyl, Robbie S., Khoo, Christina, Hsia, Daniel S., Zhang, Derek J.

2020

Overview

Cranberries are high in polyphenols, and epidemiological studies have shown that a high-polyphenol diet may reduce risk factors for diabetes and CVD. The present study aimed to determine if short-term cranberry beverage consumption would improve insulin sensitivity and other cardiovascular risk factors. Thirty-five individuals with obesity and with elevated fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance participated in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-designed pilot trial. Participants consumed 450 ml of low-energy cranberry beverage or placebo daily for 8 weeks. Changes in insulin sensitivity and cardiovascular risk factors including vascular reactivity, blood pressure, RMR, glucose tolerance, lipid profiles and oxidative stress biomarkers were evaluated. Change in insulin sensitivity via hyperinsulinaemic–euglycaemic clamp was not different between the two groups. Levels of 8-isoprostane (biomarker of lipid peroxidation) decreased in the cranberry group but increased in the placebo group (–2·18 v. +20·81 pg/ml; P = 0·02). When stratified by baseline C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, participants with high CRP levels (>4 mg/l) benefited more from cranberry consumption. In this group, significant differences in the mean change from baseline between the cranberry (n 10) and the placebo groups (n 7) in levels of TAG (–13·75 v. +10·32 %; P = 0·04), nitrate (+3·26 v. −6·28 µmol/l; P = 0·02) and 8-isoprostane (+0·32 v. +30·8 pg/ml; P = 0·05) were observed. These findings indicate that 8 weeks of daily cranberry beverage consumption may not impact insulin sensitivity but may be helpful in lowering TAG and changing certain oxidative stress biomarkers in individuals with obesity and a proinflammatory state.

• Publisher: Cambridge University Press
• Subject: Adult / Berries / Beverages / Biomarkers / Biomedical research / Blood pressure / C-reactive protein / Cardiovascular diseases / Cardiovascular Diseases - complications / Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology / Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control / Catheters / Cranberries / Diabetes / Diabetes mellitus / diet / Double-Blind Method / Epidemiology / Female / Glucose / Glucose tolerance / Glucose Tolerance Test / Health risks / Human and Clinical Nutrition / Humans / Inflammation / Insulin / Insulin - blood / Insulin Resistance / Lipid peroxidation / Lipids / Male / Metabolic syndrome / Middle Aged / nitrates / Obesity / Obesity - complications / Oxidative stress / Peroxidation / Pilot Projects / Placebos / Polyphenols / Randomization / Regulatory approval / Risk analysis / Risk Factors / Risk management / risk reduction / Vaccinium macrocarpon / Weight control