Journal Article

Interaction of clozapine with metformin in a schizophrenia rat model

Szűcs, E., Benyhe, S., Kekesi, G., Adlan, L. G., Kis, G., Büki, A., Heni, H. El, Horvath, G.

2021

Overview

The low efficacy of antipsychotic drugs (e.g., clozapine) for negative symptoms and cognitive impairment has led to the introduction of adjuvant therapies. Because previous data suggest the procognitive potential of the antidiabetic drug metformin, this study aimed to assess the effects of chronic clozapine and metformin oral administration (alone and in combination) on locomotor and exploratory activities and cognitive function in a reward-based test in control and a schizophrenia-like animal model (Wisket rats). As impaired dopamine D1 receptor (D 1 R) function might play a role in the cognitive dysfunctions observed in patients with schizophrenia, the second goal of this study was to determine the brain-region-specific D 1 R-mediated signaling, ligand binding, and mRNA expression. None of the treatments affected the behavior of the control animals significantly; however, the combination treatment enhanced D 1 R binding and activation in the cerebral cortex. The Wisket rats exhibited impaired motivation, attention, and cognitive function, as well as a lower level of cortical D 1 R binding, signaling, and gene expression. Clozapine caused further deterioration of the behavioral parameters, without a significant effect on the D 1 R system. Metformin blunted the clozapine-induced impairments, and, similarly to that observed in the control animals, increased the functional activity of D 1 R. This study highlights the beneficial effects of metformin (at the behavioral and cellular levels) in blunting clozapine-induced adverse effects.

• Publisher: Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio
• Subject: 631/337 / 631/378 / 631/443 / 692/1807 / 692/420 / 692/617 / 692/699 / Animal cognition / Animal models / Animals / Antidiabetics / Antipsychotics / Behavior, Animal / Body Weight / Cerebral cortex / Cerebrum / Clozapine / Clozapine - pharmacology / Clozapine - therapeutic use / Cognitive ability / Diabetes mellitus / Disease Models, Animal / Dopamine D1 receptors / Drug Interactions / Emotional behavior / Feeding Behavior / Gene expression / Humanities and Social Sciences / Mental disorders / Metformin / Metformin - pharmacology / Metformin - therapeutic use / Motivation / multidisciplinary / Oral administration / Receptors, Dopamine D1 - genetics / Receptors, Dopamine D1 - metabolism / Reinforcement / RNA, Messenger - genetics / RNA, Messenger - metabolism / Schizophrenia / Schizophrenia - drug therapy / Science / Science (multidisciplinary) / Time Factors