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Protective humoral and cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 persist up to 1 year after recovery
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Protective humoral and cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 persist up to 1 year after recovery
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Journal Article
Protective humoral and cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 persist up to 1 year after recovery
2021
Overview
SARS-CoV-2 vaccination has been launched worldwide to build effective population-level immunity to curb the spread of this virus. The effectiveness and duration of protective immunity is a critical factor for public health. Here, we report the kinetics of the SARS-CoV-2 specific immune response in 204 individuals up to 1-year after recovery from COVID-19. RBD-IgG and full-length spike-IgG concentrations and serum neutralizing capacity decreases during the first 6-months, but is maintained stably up to 1-year after hospital discharge. Even individuals who had generated high IgG levels during early convalescent stages had IgG levels that had decreased to a similar level one year later. Notably, the RBD-IgG level positively correlates with serum neutralizing capacity, suggesting the representative role of RBD-IgG in predicting serum protection. Moreover, viral-specific cellular immune protection, including spike and nucleoprotein specific, persisted between 6 months and 12 months. Altogether, our study supports the persistence of viral-specific protective immunity over 1 year.
The quality of immune response to SARS-CoV-2 is thought to wane over time, but it is unclear how long it can persist. Here the authors show persistent immune responses in a large number of patients over the course of a 1-year follow-up from the time of recovery from COVID-19.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio
Subject
/ 38/39
/ 82/75
/ Antibodies, Neutralizing - immunology
/ Antibodies, Viral - immunology
/ COVID-19
/ Humanities and Social Sciences
/ Humans
/ Immune response (cell-mediated)
/ Immunity
/ Immunity, Cellular - immunology
/ Immunity, Humoral - immunology
/ Immunoglobulin G - immunology
/ Recovery
/ Science
/ Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
/ Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus - immunology
/ Spikes
