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In-situ preparation of sulfonated carbonaceous copper oxide-zirconia nanocomposite as a novel and recyclable solid acid catalyst for reduction of 4-nitrophenol
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In-situ preparation of sulfonated carbonaceous copper oxide-zirconia nanocomposite as a novel and recyclable solid acid catalyst for reduction of 4-nitrophenol
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In-situ preparation of sulfonated carbonaceous copper oxide-zirconia nanocomposite as a novel and recyclable solid acid catalyst for reduction of 4-nitrophenol
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Journal Article
In-situ preparation of sulfonated carbonaceous copper oxide-zirconia nanocomposite as a novel and recyclable solid acid catalyst for reduction of 4-nitrophenol
2023
Overview
The missing-linker defects of UiO-66 were exploited to covalently anchor Cu nanoclusters (Cu/UiO-66). The molecular interactions between the metals and oxides as copper-zirconia interfaces in Cu/UiO-66 are essential for heterogeneous catalysis, leading to remarkable synergistic impacts on activity and selectivity. Homogeneously distributed carbonaceous mixed metal oxides (CuO/ZrO
2
@C) nanocomposite was prepared via carbonization of the Cu/UiO-66 at 600 °C for 3 h in air. To enhance the acidity properties of the CuO/ZrO
2
@C nanocomposite, a small amount of sulfuric acid was added and heated at 150 °C under an N
2
atmosphere (CuO/ZrO
2
-SO
3
H@C). The synthesised Cu/UiO-66 and CuO/ZrO
2
-SO
3
H@C catalysts were used as novel catalysts in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) to 4-aminophenol (4-AP). The Cu/UiO-66 and CuO/ZrO
2
-SO
3
H@C catalysts displayed complete conversion of the 4-NP solution during (4 and 2 min) stirring at room temperature, respectively. These two catalysts exhibited a high reduction rate of 8.61 × 10
–3
s
−1
, and 18.3 × 10
–3
s
−1
, respectively. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) analysis showed the charge of copper atoms in the Cu/UiO-66 catalyst was Cu
0
/Cu
II
and in the CuO/ZrO
2
-SO
3
H@C catalyst was Cu
I
/Cu
II
with nearly the same ratio (65/35). The particle size and the elemental composition of the CuO/ZrO
2
-SO
3
H@C catalyst were analysed by using high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and elemental mapping, respectively. The key point beyond the high catalytic activity and selectivity of the CuO/ZrO
2
-SO
3
H@C catalyst is both the carbon–metal oxides heterojunction structure that leads to good dispersion of the CuO and ZrO
2
over the carbon sheets, and the high acidity properties that come from the combination between the Brønsted acid sites from sulfuric acid and Lewis acid sites from the UiO-66. The catalysts exhibited good recyclability efficiency without significant loss in activity, indicating their good potential for industrial applications.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio
Subject
