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Virgin and photo-degraded microplastics induce the activation of human vascular smooth muscle cells
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Virgin and photo-degraded microplastics induce the activation of human vascular smooth muscle cells
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Journal Article
Virgin and photo-degraded microplastics induce the activation of human vascular smooth muscle cells
2025
Overview
Microplastics (MPs) are an emerging environmental issue due to their accumulation in ecosystems and living organisms. Increasing evidence shows that MPs impact vascular function, with recent studies finding MPs in atheromas linked to cardiovascular events. Since vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are crucial to maintaining vascular function, this study examined how MPs activate VSMCs, leading to cardiovascular diseases like atherosclerosis and vascular calcification. The study used polyethylene (PE) and polystyrene (PS), common in food packaging, as “virgin” or photo-degraded to simulate environmental conditions. VSMC viability, apoptosis, cytotoxicity, inflammation, and activation markers were evaluated. PE and PS affected VSMC viability, induced apoptosis, and triggered pathological changes such as altered migration and proliferation. Key markers like RUNX-2 and galectin-3, which regulate cardiovascular pathology, were activated, alongside the inflammasome complex. In conclusion, MPs can induce harmful activation of VSMCs, posing potential health risks through inflammation, cell damage, and phenotypic changes. Understanding these toxic mechanisms may reveal critical pathways for intervention and prevention.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio
Subject
/ Cell Movement - drug effects
/ Cell Proliferation - drug effects
/ Cell Survival - drug effects
/ Humanities and Social Sciences
/ Humans
/ Muscle, Smooth, Vascular - cytology
/ Muscle, Smooth, Vascular - drug effects
/ Muscle, Smooth, Vascular - metabolism
/ Muscle, Smooth, Vascular - pathology
/ Myocytes, Smooth Muscle - drug effects
/ Myocytes, Smooth Muscle - metabolism
/ Science
