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Insect Herbivores Drive Real-Time Ecological and Evolutionary Change in Plant Populations
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Insect Herbivores Drive Real-Time Ecological and Evolutionary Change in Plant Populations
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Journal Article
Insect Herbivores Drive Real-Time Ecological and Evolutionary Change in Plant Populations
2012
Overview
Insect herbivores are hypothesized to be major factors affecting the ecology and evolution of plants. We tested this prediction by suppressing insects in replicated field populations of a native plant, Oenothera biennis, which reduced seed predation, altered interspecific competitive dynamics, and resulted in rapid evolutionary divergence. Comparative genotyping and phenotyping of nearly 12,000 O. biennis individuals revealed that in plots protected from insects, resistance to herbivores declined through time owing to changes in flowering time and lower defensive ellagitannins in fruits, whereas plant competitive ability increased. This independent real-time evolution of plant resistance and competitive ability in the field resulted from the relaxation of direct selective effects of insects on plant defense and through indirect effects due to reduced herbivory on plant competitors.
Publisher
American Association for the Advancement of Science,The American Association for the Advancement of Science
Subject
/ Animal, plant and microbial ecology
/ Animals
/ Biological and medical sciences
/ Ecology
/ Evening
/ Feeding
/ Fruits
/ Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
/ Genetics of eukaryotes. Biological and molecular evolution
/ Insects
/ loci
/ Oenothera biennis - genetics
/ Oenothera biennis - parasitology
/ Oenothera biennis - physiology
/ Plants
