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In situ fully vectorial tomography and pupil function retrieval of tightly focused fields
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In situ fully vectorial tomography and pupil function retrieval of tightly focused fields
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Journal Article
In situ fully vectorial tomography and pupil function retrieval of tightly focused fields
2025
Overview
Tightly focused optical fields are essential in nano-optics, but their applications have been limited by the challenges of accurate yet efficient characterization. In this article, we develop an in situ method for reconstructing the fully vectorial information of tightly focused fields in 3D space, while simultaneously retrieving the pupil functions. Our approach encodes these fields using phase-modulated focusing and polarization-split detection, followed by decoding through an algorithm based on least-sampling matrix-based Fourier transform and analytically derived gradient. We further employ a focus scanning strategy. When combined with our decoding algorithm, this strategy mitigates the imperfections in the detection path. This approach requires only 10 frames of 2D measurements to realize approximately 90% accuracy in tomography and pupil function retrieval within 10 s. Thus, it serves as a robust and convenient tool for the precise characterization and optimization of light at the nanoscale. We apply this technique to fully vectorial field manipulation, adaptive-optics-assisted nanoscopy, and addressing mixed-state problems.
Tightly focused optical fields are essential in nano-optics, but lack tools for accurate yet efficient characterization. Here, the authors develop an in situ method to reconstruct the fully vectorial information of tightly focused fields in 3D space.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio
