Journal Article

Somatic mutations precede acute myeloid leukemia years before diagnosis

Desai, Pinkal, Samuel, Michael, Savenkov, Oleksandr, Roboz, Gail J., Lee, Sangmin, Cheang, Gloria, Guzman, Monica L., Simon, Michael S., Ritchie, Ellen K., Hassane, Duane C., Mencia-Trinchant, Nuria, Ballman, Karla V.

2018

Overview

The pattern of somatic mutations observed at diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has been well-characterized. However, the premalignant mutational landscape of AML and its impact on risk and time to diagnosis is unknown. Here we identified 212 women from the Women’s Health Initiative who were healthy at study baseline, but eventually developed AML during follow-up (median time: 9.6 years). Deep sequencing was performed on peripheral blood DNA of these cases and compared to age-matched controls that did not develop AML. We discovered that mutations in IDH1 , IDH2 , TP53 , DNMT3A , TET2 and spliceosome genes significantly increased the odds of developing AML. All subjects with TP53 mutations ( n  = 21 out of 21 patients) and IDH1 and IDH2 ( n  = 15 out of 15 patients) mutations eventually developed AML in our study. The presence of detectable mutations years before diagnosis suggests that there is a period of latency that precedes AML during which early detection, monitoring and interventional studies should be considered. Somatic mutations detected years before diagnosis increase the odds of development of acute myeloid leukemia in women.

• Publisher: Nature Publishing Group US,Nature Publishing Group
• Subject: 631/67/1990/283/1897 / 631/67/69 / 692/699/67/2324 / Acute myelocytic leukemia / Acute myeloid leukemia / Alleles / Biomedical and Life Sciences / Biomedicine / Cancer Research / Case-Control Studies / Clonal Evolution / Deoxyribonucleic acid / Diagnosis / Disease Progression / DNA / DNA sequencing / Female / Gene mutation / Genes / Genetic aspects / Health / Health promotion / Humans / Infectious Diseases / Latency / Leukemia / Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute - blood / Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute - diagnosis / Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute - genetics / Metabolic Diseases / Methyltransferases / Molecular Medicine / Multivariate Analysis / Mutation / Mutation - genetics / Mutation Rate / Myeloid leukemia / Neurosciences / Odds Ratio / p53 Protein / Patients / Peripheral blood / Risk Factors / Tumor proteins / Women / Women's health