Journal Article

Virus-induced transposable element expression up-regulation in human and mouse host cells

Langlois, Ryan A, Macchietto, Marissa G, Shen, Steven S

2020

Overview

Virus–host cell interactions initiate a host cell–defensive response during virus infection. How transposable elements in the host cell respond to viral stress at the molecular level remains largely unclear. By reanalyzing next generation sequencing data sets from dozens of virus infection studies from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, we found that genome-wide transposon expression up-regulation in host cells occurs near antiviral response genes and exists in all studies regardless of virus, species, and host cell tissue types. Some transposons were found to be up-regulated almost immediately upon infection and before increases in virus replication and significant increases in interferon β expression. These findings indicate that transposon up-regulation is a common phenomenon during virus infection in human and mouse and that early up-regulated transposons are part of the first wave response during virus infection.

• Publisher: Life Science Alliance,Life Science Alliance LLC
• Subject: A549 Cells / Animals / Cell interactions / Databases, Genetic / Datasets / Defensive behavior / DNA Transposable Elements - genetics / Gene expression / Genomes / HEK293 Cells / Herpes viruses / High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing / Host-Pathogen Interactions - genetics / Humans / Immune response / Immunity (Disease) / Infections / Interferon / Interferon-beta - genetics / Lymphocytes - virology / Macrophages - virology / Mice / Next-generation sequencing / RAW 264.7 Cells / RNA-Seq / Sarcoma / Transposons / Up-regulation / Up-Regulation - genetics / Virus Diseases - genetics / Virus Diseases - virology / Virus Replication - genetics / Viruses / Viruses - genetics