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Adaptation to novel spatially-structured environments is driven by the capsule and alters virulence-associated traits
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Adaptation to novel spatially-structured environments is driven by the capsule and alters virulence-associated traits
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Journal Article
Adaptation to novel spatially-structured environments is driven by the capsule and alters virulence-associated traits
2022
Overview
The extracellular capsule is a major virulence factor, but its ubiquity in free-living bacteria with large environmental breadths suggests that it shapes adaptation to novel niches. Yet, how it does so, remains unexplored. Here, we evolve three
Klebsiella
strains and their capsule mutants in parallel. Their comparison reveals different phenotypic and genotypic evolutionary changes that alter virulence-associated traits. Non-capsulated populations accumulate mutations that reduce exopolysaccharide production and increase biofilm formation and yield, whereas most capsulated populations become hypermucoviscous, a signature of hypervirulence. Hence, adaptation to novel environments primarily occurs by fine-tuning expression of the capsular locus. The same evolutionary conditions selecting for mutations in the capsular gene
wzc
leading to hypermucoviscosity also result in increased susceptibility to antibiotics by mutations in the
ramA
regulon. This implies that general adaptive processes outside the host can affect capsule evolution and its role in virulence and infection outcomes may be a by-product of such adaptation.
Phenotypic and genotypic evolution in worrisome
Klebsiella
spp. is influenced by the capsule. Here the authors show that adaptation outside the host can impact virulence-associated traits, including de novo emergence of hypermucoviscosity.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio
Subject
