Journal Article

Safety and Immunogenicity of the Attenuated Yellow Fever Vaccine in Several Neotropical Primate Species

Vieira, André Duarte, Santos, Daniel Oliveira dos, Paixão, Tatiane Alves da, Lima, Paula Cristina Senra, Costa, Thais Alkifeles, Tinoco, Herlandes Penha, Motta, Rafael Otávio Cançado, Oliveira, Ayisa Rodrigues, Souza, Lucas dos Reis de, Coelho, Carlyle Mendes, Pereira, Valéria do Socorro, Fernandes, Camilla Bayma, Carvalho, Marcelo Pires Nogueira de, Freire, Marcos da Silva, Santos, Renato Lima, Drumond, Betania Paiva, Paula, Nayara Ferreira de, Azevedo, Adriana de Souza, Arruda, Matheus Soares, Leme, Fabiola de Oliveira Paes

2025

Overview

Background/Objective: Yellow fever (YF) is an acute infectious disease caused by the yellow fever virus which is transmitted by mosquitoes. Neotropical primates are susceptible to infection, which is often presented as epizootic outbreaks. The aim was to evaluate and characterize the immune response against YF in different species of neotropical primates from the Belo Horizonte Zoo. Methods: Vaccine 17DD was administered to 24 neotropical primates, with a single subcutaneous dose. Clinical exams, RNAemia, and detection of IgG and neutralizing antibodies against YFV were performed. In addition, an ethogram was performed to assess clinical changes and animal welfare. Results: At 4 days post-vaccination, RNAemia was detected in nine animals. There was seroconversion and persistence of immune response in Alouatta guariba clamitans, Sapajus xanthosternos, Saguinus imperator and Aotus infulatus. However, the vaccine was not immunogenic for Lagothrix cana. In Pithecia irrorata seroconversion did not persist long term, while the Ateles sp. had a transient immune response. No significant clinical manifestations were observed in any of the vaccinated animals. Conclusions: This study demonstrated a safe, immunogenic and persistent immune response induced by the attenuated 17DD vaccine strain in A. guariba clamitans, S. xanthosternos, S. imperator, and A. infulatus.

• Publisher: MDPI AG,MDPI
• Subject: 17DD / Animal welfare / Animals / Antibodies / Attenuated vaccines / Behavior / Disease / Disease transmission / Dosage and administration / Enzymes / Epidemics / Fever / flavivirus / Health aspects / Immune response / Immune system / Immunogenicity / Immunoglobulin G / Infections / Infectious diseases / Macrophages / Monkeys & apes / non-human primates / Prevention / Primates / Risk factors / Saguinus imperator / Seroconversion / vaccination / Vaccines / Vector-borne diseases / Yellow fever / yellow fever virus