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The real-time quaking-induced conversion assay for detection of human prion disease and study of other protein misfolding diseases
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Journal Article
The real-time quaking-induced conversion assay for detection of human prion disease and study of other protein misfolding diseases
2016
Overview
This 96-well-plate ‘real-time quaking-induced conversion’ assay allows the detection of abnormal prion protein in human brain and CSF samples. It can be applied to study many protein misfolding diseases, as well as for drug screening and prion strain discrimination.
The development and adaption of
in vitro
misfolded protein amplification systems has been a major innovation in the detection of abnormally folded prion protein scrapie (PrP
Sc
) in human brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples. Herein, we describe a fast and efficient protein amplification technique, real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC), for the detection of a PrP
Sc
seed in human brain and CSF. In contrast to other
in vitro
misfolded protein amplification assays—such as protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA)—which are based on sonication, the RT-QuIC technique is based on prion seed–induced misfolding and aggregation of recombinant prion protein substrate, accelerated by alternating cycles of shaking and rest in fluorescence plate readers. A single RT-QuIC assay typically analyzes up to 32 samples in triplicate, using a 96-well-plate format. From sample preparation to analysis of results, the protocol takes ∼87 h to complete. In addition to diagnostics, this technique has substantial generic analytical applications, including drug screening, prion strain discrimination, biohazard screening (e.g., to reduce transmission risk related to prion diseases) and the study of protein misfolding; in addition, it can potentially be used for the investigation of other protein misfolding diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group
Subject
/ Animals
/ Bioassay
/ Brain
/ Clinical Chemistry Tests - methods
/ Computational Biology/Bioinformatics
/ Disease
/ Humans
/ Molecular diagnostic techniques
/ Prion Diseases - cerebrospinal fluid
/ Proteins
/ Proteostasis Deficiencies - blood
/ Proteostasis Deficiencies - cerebrospinal fluid
/ Proteostasis Deficiencies - diagnosis
/ protocol
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