Journal Article

Zoonotic bacteria in the vicinity of animal farms as a factor disturbing the human microbiome: a review

Jeżak, Karolina, Kozajda, Anna, Miśkiewicz, Emilia

2024

Overview

This review is aimed at summarizing the current state of knowledge about the relationship between environmental exposure to the bioaerosol emitted by intensive livestock farming and changes in the microbiome of people living in livestock farm vicinity. The PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases were searched by crossing keywords from the following 3 groups: a) \"livestock,\" \"animal farms,\" \"animal breeding\"; b) \"microbiome,\" \"resistome\"; c) \"livestock vicinity,\" \"farm vicinity,\" \"neighborhoods and health\" in 2010-2022. Literature screening did not reveal any paper related to the full microbiome composition in the population studied. In the study, the authors included 7 papers (5 from the Netherlands, 1 from the USA, and 1 from China). The studies confirmed the carriage of , including methicillin-resistant (MRSA), livestockassociated MRSA (LA-MRSA MC398) and multidrug-resistant (MDRSA) in the nasal microbiome of adults and children living within 500-2000 m from a livestock farm. , including LA-ribotype RT078 carriage, was detected in the intestinal microbiome of adults living within 500-1000 m. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing were confirmed in the intestinal microbiome of adults living within 500-6200 m. Knowledge on the composition of the microflora of people living in livestock farm vicinity is insufficient to conclude about changes in the microbiome caused by the environmental emission of bioaerosol. The carriage prevalence of the LA-bacteria, including both strains with antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial resistance genes, confirms the presence of zoonotic bacteria in the human microflora in populations without occupational contact with animals. It cannot be ruled out that zoonotic bacteria, as a component of the microbiome, have a negative impact on people's health. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2024;37(2):138-52.

• Publisher: Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine
• Subject: Air Microbiology / Animals / antibiotic resistance microorganisms / Antibiotics / Antimicrobial agents / arg / Bacteria / Bacteria - classification / Bacteria - isolation & purification / Bacteria, Pathogenic / Breeding of animals / Distribution / Drug resistance / Drug resistance in microorganisms / Environmental aspects / environmental exposure / Environmental Exposure - adverse effects / farm vicinity / Farms / Farmworkers / Health aspects / Humans / Knowledge / Livestock / Livestock - microbiology / Livestock farms / Medical research / Medicine, Experimental / microbiome / Microbiomes / Microbiota / Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms) / Microorganisms / Nosocomial infections / Risk factors / Staphylococcus infections / Zoonoses / Zoonoses - microbiology / Zoonoses - transmission