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The human gut archaeome: identification of diverse haloarchaea in Korean subjects
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The human gut archaeome: identification of diverse haloarchaea in Korean subjects
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Journal Article
The human gut archaeome: identification of diverse haloarchaea in Korean subjects
2020
Overview
Background
Archaea are one of the least-studied members of the gut-dwelling autochthonous microbiota. Few studies have reported the dominance of methanogens in the archaeal microbiome (archaeome) of the human gut, although limited information regarding the diversity and abundance of other archaeal phylotypes is available.
Results
We surveyed the archaeome of faecal samples collected from 897 East Asian subjects living in South Korea. In total, 42.47% faecal samples were positive for archaeal colonisation; these were subsequently subjected to archaeal 16S rRNA gene deep sequencing and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction-based abundance estimation. The mean archaeal relative abundance was 10.24 ± 4.58% of the total bacterial and archaeal abundance. We observed extensive colonisation of haloarchaea (95.54%) in the archaea-positive faecal samples, with 9.63% mean relative abundance in archaeal communities. Haloarchaea were relatively more abundant than methanogens in some samples. The presence of haloarchaea was also verified by fluorescence in situ hybridisation analysis. Owing to large inter-individual variations, we categorised the human gut archaeome into four archaeal enterotypes.
Conclusions
The study demonstrated that the human gut archaeome is indigenous, responsive, and functional, expanding our understanding of the archaeal signature in the gut of human individuals.
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Video Abstract
Publisher
BioMed Central,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
Subject
/ Adult
/ Aged
/ Archaea - isolation & purification
/ Bacteria
/ Biomedical and Life Sciences
/ Female
/ Gastrointestinal Microbiome - genetics
/ Genes
/ Genomes
/ Humans
/ Male
/ Microbial Genetics and Genomics
/ Population-level metataxonomic analysis
/ RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics
/ rRNA 16S
/ Taxonomy
/ Virology
