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The NERP-4–SNAT2 axis regulates pancreatic β-cell maintenance and function
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Journal Article
The NERP-4–SNAT2 axis regulates pancreatic β-cell maintenance and function
2023
Overview
Insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells is regulated by multiple stimuli, including nutrients, hormones, neuronal inputs, and local signalling. Amino acids modulate insulin secretion via amino acid transporters expressed on β cells. The granin protein VGF has dual roles in β cells: regulating secretory granule formation and functioning as a multiple peptide precursor. A VGF-derived peptide, neuroendocrine regulatory peptide-4 (NERP-4), increases Ca
2+
influx in the pancreata of transgenic mice expressing apoaequorin, a Ca
2+
-induced bioluminescent protein complex. NERP-4 enhances glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from isolated human and mouse islets and β-cell–derived MIN6-K8 cells. NERP-4 administration reverses the impairment of β-cell maintenance and function in
db/db
mice by enhancing mitochondrial function and reducing metabolic stress. NERP-4 acts on sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 2 (SNAT2), thereby increasing glutamine, alanine, and proline uptake into β cells and stimulating insulin secretion. SNAT2 deletion and inhibition abolish the protective effects of NERP-4 on β-cell maintenance. These findings demonstrate a novel autocrine mechanism of β-cell maintenance and function that is mediated by the peptide–amino acid transporter axis.
Amino acids modulate insulin secretion via amino acid transporters expressed on β cells. Here, the authors show a VGF-derived peptide NERP-4 acts as a positive allosteric modulator on the amino acid transporter SNAT2/SLC38A2, thereby contributing to β-cell maintenance and function.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio
Subject
/ 13/109
/ 13/51
/ 13/89
/ 14
/ 14/1
/ 14/19
/ 14/28
/ 38
/ 59
/ 82/58
/ 96
/ Alanine
/ Amino Acid Transport System A - metabolism
/ Animals
/ Hormones
/ Humanities and Social Sciences
/ Humans
/ Insulin
/ Insulin-Secreting Cells - metabolism
/ Mice
/ Nerve Tissue Proteins - metabolism
/ Neurosecretory Systems - metabolism
/ Pancreas
/ Peptides
/ Proteins
/ Science
