Journal Article

Maternal Western diet mediates susceptibility of offspring to Crohn’s-like colitis by deoxycholate generation

Shi, Yanqiang, Shen, Binghai, Huang, Ruo, Lin, Xinlong, Hou, Fengyi, Huang, Chongyang, Wang, Jun, Tan, Huishi, Liu, Ke, Qin, Xiaoming, Zhou, Qian, Liu, Hongbin, Song, Mengyao, Zhi, Fachao

2023

Overview

Background The Western dietary pattern, characterized by high consumption of fats and sugars, has been strongly associated with an increased risk of developing Crohn’s disease (CD). However, the potential impact of maternal obesity or prenatal exposure to a Western diet on offspring’s susceptibility to CD remains unclear. Herein, we investigated the effects and underlying mechanisms of a maternal high-fat/high-sugar Western-style diet (WD) on offspring’s susceptibility to 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced Crohn’s-like colitis. Methods Maternal dams were fed either a WD or a normal control diet (ND) for eight weeks prior to mating and continued throughout gestation and lactation. Post-weaning, the offspring were subjected to WD and ND to create four groups: ND-born offspring fed a normal diet (N–N) or Western diet (N-W), and WD-born offspring fed a normal (W–N) or Western diet (W-W). At eight weeks of age, they were administered TNBS to induce a CD model. Results Our findings revealed that the W–N group exhibited more severe intestinal inflammation than the N–N group, as demonstrated by a lower survival rate, increased weight loss, and a shorter colon length. The W–N group displayed a significant increase in Bacteroidetes , which was accompanied by an accumulation of deoxycholic acid (DCA). Further experimentation confirmed an increased generation of DCA in mice colonized with gut microbes from the W–N group. Moreover, DCA administration aggravated TNBS-induced colitis by promoting Gasdermin D (GSDMD)-mediated pyroptosis and IL-1beta (IL-1β) production in macrophages. Importantly, the deletion of GSDMD effectively restrains the effect of DCA on TNBS-induced colitis. Conclusions Our study demonstrates that a maternal Western-style diet can alter gut microbiota composition and bile acid metabolism in mouse offspring, leading to an increased susceptibility to CD-like colitis. These findings highlight the importance of understanding the long-term consequences of maternal diet on offspring health and may have implications for the prevention and management of Crohn’s disease. 5QpfrGmZ82qRXNutofRZ7n Video Abstract

• Publisher: BioMed Central,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
• Subject: Acids / Animals / Antibodies / Bioinformatics / Biomedical and Life Sciences / Biomedicine / Body weight loss / Bone marrow / Colitis / Colitis - chemically induced / Crohn Disease - chemically induced / Crohn's disease / Deoxycholic Acid / Diet / Diet, High-Fat - adverse effects / Diet, Western - adverse effects / Digestive system / Endoscopy / Feces / Female / Gasdermin D / Gastrointestinal tract / Gut Microbiome and Animal Health / Gut microbiota / High fat diet / Humans / Inflammation / Inflammatory bowel disease / Interleukin 1 / Intestinal inflammation / Intestinal microflora / Lactation / Macrophages / Maternal factors / Medical Microbiology / Metabolism / Metabolites / Mice / Mice, Inbred C57BL / Microbial Ecology / Microbial Genetics and Genomics / Microbiology / Microbiota / Offspring / Pregnancy / Prenatal experience / Prenatal exposure / Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Pyroptosis / Susceptibility / Virology / Weaning / Western diet