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Electrophysiological indexes of the cognitive-motor trade-off associated with motor response complexity in a cognitive task
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Electrophysiological indexes of the cognitive-motor trade-off associated with motor response complexity in a cognitive task
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Journal Article
Electrophysiological indexes of the cognitive-motor trade-off associated with motor response complexity in a cognitive task
2024
Overview
•For complex actions the brain acts as a trade-off between cognitive and motor resources.•We aimed to identify the effects of increasing motor complexity in a cognitive task.•Motor complexity enhances visual and attentional but reduces cognitive processes.•A frontal activity associated with motor control increased along with motor complexity.•Results support the motor-priority trade-off theory about how the brain faces complexity.
Complex actions require more cognitive and motor control than simple ones. Literature shows that to face complexity, the brain must make a compromise between available resources usually giving priority to motor control. However, literature has minimally explored the effect of the motor response complexity on brain processing associated with cognitive tasks. Consequently, it is unknown whether carrying out a cognitive task requiring motor responses of increasing complexity could reduce cognitive processing keeping stable motor control. Therefore, this study aims to investigate possible modulations exerted by increasing motor response complexity in a cognitive task on brain processing. To this aim, we analyzed the event-related potentials and behavioral responses during a cognitive task with increasing complexity of the required motor response (keypress, reaching and stepping). Results showed the increasing motor complexity enhances early visual and attentional processing (P1 and N1 components) but reduces the late post-perceptual cognitive control (P3 component). Additionally, we found a component following the P3 which was specific for stimuli requiring a response. This component, labeled N750, increased amplitude along with the response motor complexity. Behaviorally, response accuracy was not affected by complexity. Results indicated that in cognitive tasks stimulus processing is affected by the complexity of the motor response. Complex responses require a greater investment of early perceptual and attentional resources, but at late phases of processing, cognitive resources are less available in favor of motor resources. This confirms the idea of the motor-priority cognitive-motor trade-off of the brain.
Publisher
Elsevier Inc,Elsevier Limited,Elsevier
Subject
