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Dietary factors associated with overweight and body adiposity in Finnish children aged 6–8 years: the PANIC Study
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Dietary factors associated with overweight and body adiposity in Finnish children aged 6–8 years: the PANIC Study
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Journal Article
Dietary factors associated with overweight and body adiposity in Finnish children aged 6–8 years: the PANIC Study
2012
Overview
Objectives:
To investigate the associations of dietary factors with overweight, body fat percentage (BF%), waist circumference (WC) and hip circumference (HC) among children.
Design:
Cross-sectional analysis of the Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children (PANIC) Study among 510 children (263 boys, 247 girls) aged 6–8 years from Kuopio, Finland.
Methods:
The children’s weight, height, WC and HC were measured. Overweight was defined by International Obesity Task Force body mass index cutoffs. The BF% was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, nutrient intakes and meal frequency by 4-day food records and eating behaviour by Children’s Eating Behaviour Questionnaire.
Results:
Daily consumption of all the three main meals was inversely associated with overweight (odds ratio (OR) 0.37, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.18–0.75), BF% (
β
−0.12,
P
=0.012), WC (
β
−0.16,
P
=0.002) and HC (
β
−0.15,
P
=0.002). Enjoyment of food, food responsiveness and emotional overeating were directly associated with overweight (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.04–2.35; OR 4.68, 95% CI 2.90–7.54; OR 2.60, 95% CI 1.52–4.45, respectively), BF% (
β
0.13,
P
=0.004;
β
0.30,
P
<0.001;
β
0.09,
P
=0.035, respectively), WC (
β
0.14,
P
=0.003;
β
0.40,
P
<0.001;
β
0.19,
P
<0.001, respectively) and HC (
β
0.15,
P
=0.001;
β
0.38,
P
<0.001;
β
0.15,
P
=0.001, respectively). Satiety responsiveness was inversely associated with overweight (OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.26–0.67), BF% (
β
−0.20,
P
<0.001), WC (
β
−0.26,
P
<0.001) and HC (
β
−0.26,
P
<0.001). Slowness in eating was inversely associated with overweight (OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.41–0.92), WC (
β
−0.16,
P
=0.001) and HC (
β
−0.17,
P
<0.001). Protein intake was directly associated with BF% (
β
0.11,
P
=0.017), WC (
β
0.11,
P
=0.020) and HC (
β
0.13,
P
=0.008).
Conclusions:
Promoting regular consumption of main meals and healthy eating behaviours should be emphasized in the prevention of overweight among children. More research is needed on the association of protein-rich foods with body adiposity in children.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group
Subject
/ Biological and medical sciences
/ Child
/ Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
/ Children
/ Diet
/ European Continental Ancestry Group
/ Exercise
/ Female
/ Food
/ Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
/ Humans
/ Male
/ Meals
/ Medicine
/ Obesity
/ Obesity - prevention & control
/ Prevalence studies (Epidemiology)
