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Pyropia yezoensis genome reveals diverse mechanisms of carbon acquisition in the intertidal environment
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Pyropia yezoensis genome reveals diverse mechanisms of carbon acquisition in the intertidal environment
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Journal Article
Pyropia yezoensis genome reveals diverse mechanisms of carbon acquisition in the intertidal environment
2020
Overview
Changes in atmospheric CO
2
concentration have played a central role in algal and plant adaptation and evolution. The commercially important red algal genus,
Pyropia
(Bangiales) appears to have responded to inorganic carbon (C
i
) availability by evolving alternating heteromorphic generations that occupy distinct habitats. The leafy gametophyte inhabits the intertidal zone that undergoes frequent emersion, whereas the sporophyte conchocelis bores into mollusk shells. Here, we analyze a high-quality genome assembly of
Pyropia yezoensis
to elucidate the interplay between C
i
availability and life cycle evolution. We find horizontal gene transfers from bacteria and expansion of gene families (e.g. carbonic anhydrase, anti-oxidative related genes), many of which show gametophyte-specific expression or significant up-regulation in gametophyte in response to dehydration. In conchocelis, the release of HCO
3
-
from shell promoted by carbonic anhydrase provides a source of C
i
. This hypothesis is supported by the incorporation of
13
C isotope by conchocelis when co-cultured with
13
C-labeled CaCO
3
.
The nori producing seaweed
Pyropia yezoensis
has heteromorphic generations that occupy distinct habitats. Here, via genome assembly, transcriptome analysis, and 13 C isotope labeling, the authors show the interplay between inorganic carbon availability and life cycle evolution in the intertidal environment.
