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Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on gunshot injuries at a level-1 trauma centre: a retrospective study on a 5-year period
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on gunshot injuries at a level-1 trauma centre: a retrospective study on a 5-year period
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Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on gunshot injuries at a level-1 trauma centre: a retrospective study on a 5-year period
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Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on gunshot injuries at a level-1 trauma centre: a retrospective study on a 5-year period
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on gunshot injuries at a level-1 trauma centre: a retrospective study on a 5-year period

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Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on gunshot injuries at a level-1 trauma centre: a retrospective study on a 5-year period
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on gunshot injuries at a level-1 trauma centre: a retrospective study on a 5-year period
Journal Article

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on gunshot injuries at a level-1 trauma centre: a retrospective study on a 5-year period

2025
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Overview
Gunshot injuries are a major cause of morbidity and mortality, and evidence shows that violent crimes increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the pandemic on the prevalence of gunshot injuries and to analyze the demographic characteristics of patients with gunshot injury at a level-1 trauma centre. We conducted a retrospective analysis from April 2018 to February 2023. We collected demographic information, injury type, weapon involved, and mechanism of injury. We examined the annual incidence of gunshot injuries to assess the potential influence of COVID-19-related public health measures on rates of violent injury. We identified 158 patients with gunshot injury. The mean age of patients was 35 (range 18 to 78) years, and 9% were women. Seventy percent were homicide attempts, 8% were suicide attempts, and 20% were unspecified. Weapons used included low-velocity handguns (78%) and hunting rifles (7%), and the remainder were unspecified. There were no injuries from military or other high-velocity firearms. Emergency department patients with hemodynamic shock (18%) were 7.5 times more likely to die before discharge than stable patients (29% v. 4%). Gunshot injuries significantly increased by 52% during the COVID-19 period compared with the baseline period (p = 0.03). After the COVID-19 period, injuries significantly decreased (p = 0.048), returning to levels statistically indistinguishable from the baseline period (p = 0.7). Seasonal variation analysis confirmed significant peaks during the summer and early autumn months. This study highlights the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on gun violence, with a significant increase in the number of firearm injury victims during this period. Our findings show a return to prepandemic baseline levels in 2022. Les blessures par balle sont une importante cause de morbidité et de mortalité, et les données probantes indiquent une hausse des crimes violents durant la pandémie de COVID-19. La présente étude visait à évaluer l’effet de la pandémie sur la prévalence des blessures par balle, ainsi qu’à analyser les caractéristiques démographiques des personnes qui présentent ce type de blessure dans un centre de traumatologie primaire. Nous avons procédé à une analyse rétrospective couvrant la période d’avril 2018 à février 2023. Nous avons recueilli les données suivantes : renseignements démographiques, type de blessure, arme utilisée et mécanisme de la blessure. Nous avons étudié l’incidence annuelle des blessures par balle afin d’évaluer l’effet potentiel des mesures de santé publique liées à la COVID-19 sur le taux de blessures liées à la violence. Nous avons recensé 158 personnes blessées par arme à feu. Leur âge moyen était de 35 ans (plage de 18 à 78 ans), et 9 % d’entre elles étaient des femmes. Soixante-dix pour cent de ces blessures résultaient d’une tentative d’homicide, 8 % d’une tentative de suicide, et 20 % étaient d’origine non précisée. Les armes utilisées consistaient principalement en armes de poing basse vitesse (78 %) et en fusils de chasse (7 %), les autres étant d’un type non précisé. Aucune blessure ne résultait d’une arme militaire ou d’une autre arme à feu haute vitesse. Les personnes en état de choc hémodynamique (18 %) au service d’urgence étaient 7,5 fois plus susceptibles de mourir avant de recevoir leur congé que les personnes hémodynamiquement stables (29 % c. 4 %). Le nombre de blessures par balle a augmenté de 52 % durant la période de la COVID-19 par rapport à la période de référence (p = 0,03). Après la pandémie, ce nombre a significativement diminué (p = 0,048), revenant à un niveau statistiquement indiscernable de celui d’avant la pandémie (p = 0,7). L’analyse de la variation saisonnière a confirmé des pics importants durant l’été et au début de l’automne. Cette étude met en lumière l’effet de la pandémie de COVID-19 sur la violence par arme à feu, avec une hausse importante du nombre de victimes de blessures par balle durant cette période. Nos résultats montrent un retour aux valeurs de référence prépandémiques en 2022.