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Journal Article
Leukocidins: staphylococcal bi-component pore-forming toxins find their receptors
2017
Overview
Key Points
The staphylococcal bi-component pore-forming toxins, better known as leukocidins, are important virulence factors of
Staphylococcus aureus
.
Recently, cellular receptors have been identified for all of the staphylococcal leukocidins.
Molecular interactions between leukocidins and their receptors explain their cellular and species specificity.
Identification of the myeloid leukocidin receptors has enabled the study of the molecular mechanisms of action of leukocidins.
Identification of an erythroid leukocidin receptor has provided new insights into the link between virulence and nutritional immunity.
New insights into the role of leukocidins have enabled the development of new antimicrobial strategies and an effective vaccine.
In this Review, Spaan, van Strijp and Torres discuss the implications of the identification of the cellular receptors for the
Staphylococcus aureus
bi-component leukocidins, the mechanisms of action of the leukocidins, their diverse roles during pathogenesis and their potential as targets for therapeutic interventions.
Staphylococcus aureus
is a major bacterial pathogen that causes disease worldwide. The emergence of strains that are resistant to commonly used antibiotics and the failure of vaccine development have resulted in a renewed interest in the pathophysiology of this bacterium. Staphylococcal leukocidins are a family of bi-component pore-forming toxins that are important virulence factors. During the past five years, cellular receptors have been identified for all of the bi-component leukocidins. The identification of the leukocidin receptors explains the cellular tropism and species specificity that is exhibited by these toxins, which has important biological consequences. In this Review, we summarize the recent discoveries that have reignited interest in these toxins and provide an outlook for future research.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group
