Journal Article

Maternal Vitamin D Status and Its Related Factors in Pregnant Women in Bangkok, Thailand

Manonukul, Kotchamol, Pratumvinit, Busadee, Wataganara, Tuangsit, Chatsiricharoenkul, Somruedee, Wongkrajang, Preechaya, Hanyongyuth, Sithikan, Reesukumal, Kanit, Nimmannit, Akarin

2015

Overview

There are few data focusing on the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in tropical countries. We determined the vitamin D status in pregnant women and examined the factors associated with vitamin D deficiency. A cross-sectional study of 147 pregnant Thai women aged 18-45 years at Siriraj Hospital (a university hospital in Bangkok, Thailand) was undertaken. Clinical data and plasma levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), calcium, albumin, phosphate and magnesium were obtained in pregnant women at delivery. The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D [defined as 25(OH)D <75 nmol/L] in pregnant women at delivery was 75.5% (95% confidence interval (CI), 67.7-82.2%). Of these, vitamin D insufficiency [defined as 25(OH)D 50-74.9 nmol/L] was found in 41.5% (95% CI, 33.4-49.9%) and vitamin D deficiency [25(OH)D <50 nmol/L] was found in 34.0% (95% CI, 26.4-42.3%) of women. The mean 25(OH)D concentration was 61.6 ± 19.3 nmol/L. The correlation between 25(OH)D and iPTH was weak (r = -0.29, P<0.01). Factors associated with vitamin D deficiency by multiple logistic regression were: pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI in kg/m2, odds ratio (OR), 0.88, 95% CI 0.80-0.97, P = 0.01) and season of blood collection (winter vs. rainy, OR, 2.62, 95% CI 1.18-5.85, P = 0.02). Vitamin D deficiency is common among pregnant Thai women. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency increased in women who had a lower pre-pregnancy BMI and whose blood was collected in the winter. Vitamin D supplementation may need to be implemented as routine antenatal care.

• Publisher: Public Library of Science,Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subject: 25-Hydroxyvitamin D / Adult / Air pollution / Blood / Body mass / Body Mass Index / Body size / Calcium / Calcium - blood / Calcium phosphates / China - ethnology / Confidence intervals / Cross-Sectional Studies / Dietary Supplements / Female / Humans / Magnesium / Magnesium - blood / Middle Aged / Nutrient deficiency / Outdoor air quality / Parathyroid / Parathyroid hormone / Parathyroid Hormone - blood / Phosphates / Phosphates - blood / Plasma levels / Pregnancy / Pregnancy Complications - blood / Pregnancy Complications - epidemiology / Prevalence / Risk Factors / Seasons / Serum Albumin - analysis / Socioeconomic Factors / Statistical analysis / Sunlight / Supplements / Thailand - epidemiology / Vitamin D / Vitamin D - administration & dosage / Vitamin D - analogs & derivatives / Vitamin D - blood / Vitamin D Deficiency - blood / Vitamin D Deficiency - epidemiology / Vitamin deficiency / Winter / Womens health / Young Adult