Journal Article

Effectiveness of educational intervention on cervical cancer screening knowledge, attitude, and practice among Yemeni immigrant women in Klang Valley, Malaysia: a randomized controlled trial

Al-Oseely, Sarah, Abdul Manaf, Rosliza, Ismail, Suriani

2025

Overview

Background Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite the fact that several studies have looked at the topic among women in various countries, few studies have attempted to address the significance of cervical cancer screening among immigrant women. This study aims to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of an educational intervention on knowledge, attitude, and practice of cervical screening among Yemeni immigrant women in Klang Valley, Malaysia. The intervention was guided by the Health Belief Model. Methods One hundred and ten Yemeni immigrant women participated in a randomized controlled trial in Klang Valley, Malaysia. The participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention group or the control group. An online health education program on cervical cancer and cervical screening was given to the intervention group participants. Data was gathered at the baseline, immediately after the intervention, and then again 3 months later. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to analyze the data using IBM SPSS software 25.0 in order to evaluate the differential changes over time. Results The results of the study show that there was a significant improvement in cervical cancer screening practice between the intervention (51%) and control groups (9%). In addition, there was a significant improvement in the mean scores of knowledge (0.04 to 0.628), perceived susceptibility (2.82 to 3.652), perceived seriousness (3.02 to 3.650), perceived benefits (2.5 to 3.777), health motivation (2.98 to 3.609) after the intervention compared with the scores before the intervention. Besides, there has been a significant decrease in the barriers to screening (3.6 to 2.795). Conclusions Online educational intervention was effective in improving women’s knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding cervical cancer and its screening. Trial registration This trial is registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) number ACTRN12622001445763 on 11/11/2022.

• Publisher: BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
• Subject: Adult / Analysis / Attitude / Attitudes / Biomedicine / Cancer / Cellular biology / Cervical cancer / Cervical cancer screening / Cervix / Clinical trials / Cross-sectional studies / Diagnosis / Early Detection of Cancer - methods / Early Detection of Cancer - psychology / Educational intervention / Emigrants and Immigrants - education / Emigrants and Immigrants - psychology / Fatalities / Female / Gynecology / Health aspects / Health care policy / Health education / Health Education - methods / Health insurance / Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice - ethnology / Health Sciences / Human papillomavirus / Humans / Immigrants / Intervention / Knowledge / Malaysia - epidemiology / Medical screening / Medicine / Medicine & Public Health / Middle Aged / Oncology, Experimental / Pap smear / Questionnaires / Sample size / Statistics for Life Sciences / Uterine Cervical Neoplasms - diagnosis / Uterine Cervical Neoplasms - ethnology / Uterine Cervical Neoplasms - prevention & control / Uterine Cervical Neoplasms - psychology / Women / Womens health / Yemeni immigrant women / Young Adult