Journal Article

The Diversity of Karyotypes and Genomes within Section Syllinum of the Genus Linum (Linaceae) Revealed by Molecular Cytogenetic Markers and RAPD Analysis

Zelenina, Daria A., Nosova, Inna V., Melnikova, Nataliya V., Muravenko, Olga V., Zelenin, Alexander V., Amosova, Alexandra V., Samatadze, Tatiana E., Volkov, Alexander A., Bolsheva, Nadezhda L., Yurkevich, Olga Yu

2015

Overview

The wide variation in chromosome number found in species of the genus Linum (2n = 16, 18, 20, 26, 28, 30, 32, 36, 42, 72, 84) indicates that chromosomal mutations have played an important role in the speciation of this taxon. To contribute to a better understanding of the genetic diversity and species relationships in this genus, comparative studies of karyotypes and genomes of species within section Syllinum Griseb. (2n = 26, 28) were carried out. Elongated with 9-aminoacridine chromosomes of 10 species of section Syllinum were investigated by C- and DAPI/С-banding, CMA and Ag-NOR-staining, FISH with probes of rDNA and of telomere repeats. RAPD analysis was also performed. All the chromosome pairs in karyotypes of the studied species were identified. Chromosome DAPI/C-banding patterns of 28-chromosomal species were highly similar. Two of the species differed from the others in chromosomal location of rDNA sites. B chromosomes were revealed in all the 28-chromosomal species. Chromosomes of Linum nodiflorum L. (2n = 26) and the 28-chromosomal species were similar in DAPI/C-banding pattern and localization of several rDNA sites, but they differed in chromosomal size and number. The karyotype of L. nodiflorum was characterized by an intercalary site of telomere repeat, one additional 26S rDNA site and also by the absence of B chromosomes. Structural similarities between different chromosome pairs in karyotypes of the studied species were found indicating their tetraploid origin. RAPD analysis did not distinguish the species except L. nodiflorum. The species of section Syllinum probably originated from a common tetraploid ancestor. The 28-chromosomal species were closely related, but L. nodiflorum diverged significantly from the rest of the species probably due to chromosomal rearrangements occurring during evolution.

• Publisher: Public Library of Science,Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subject: Biodiversity / Biological evolution / Chromosome Banding / Chromosome number / Chromosome rearrangements / Chromosomes / Chromosomes, Plant - chemistry / Chromosomes, Plant - ultrastructure / Comparative studies / Crepis capillaris / Deoxyribonucleic acid / DNA / DNA probes / DNA, Ribosomal - genetics / Evolution / Fisheries / Flax / Flax - classification / Flax - genetics / Flowers & plants / Genetic aspects / Genetic diversity / Genetic Heterogeneity / Genetic Markers / Genome Size / Genome, Plant / Genomes / Identification and classification / In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence / Karyotype / Karyotypes / Karyotyping / Linaceae / Linum / Linum usitatissimum / Localization / Molecular biology / Mutation / Oceanography / Phylogenetics / Phylogeny / Random amplified polymorphic DNA / Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique / Seeds / Speciation / Species / Species diversity / Staining and Labeling / Taxonomy / Telomere - chemistry / Telomere - ultrastructure / Tetraploidy