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Sub-nanowatt microfluidic single-cell calorimetry
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Journal Article
Sub-nanowatt microfluidic single-cell calorimetry
2020
Overview
Non-invasive and label-free calorimetry could become a disruptive technique to study single cell metabolic heat production without altering the cell behavior, but it is currently limited by insufficient sensitivity. Here, we demonstrate microfluidic single-cell calorimetry with 0.2-nW sensitivity, representing more than ten-fold enhancement over previous record, which is enabled by (i) a low-noise thermometry platform with ultralow long-term (10-h) temperature noise (80 μK) and (ii) a microfluidic channel-in-vacuum design allowing cell flow and nutrient delivery while maintaining a low thermal conductance of 2.5 μW K
−1
. Using
Tetrahymena thermophila
as an example, we demonstrate on-chip single-cell calorimetry measurement with metabolic heat rates ranging from 1 to 4 nW, which are found to correlate well with the cell size. Finally, we perform real-time monitoring of metabolic rate stimulation by introducing a mitochondrial uncoupling agent to the microchannel, enabling determination of the spare respiratory capacity of the cells.
Calorimetrically measuring the heat of single cells is currently not possible due to the sensitivity of existing calorimeters. Here the authors present on-chip single cell calorimetry, with a sensitivity over ten-fold greater than the current gold-standard.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio
Subject
/ 14
/ 14/63
/ 38/62
/ Calorimetry - instrumentation
/ Heat
/ Humanities and Social Sciences
/ Microfluidic Analytical Techniques - methods
/ Microfluidics - instrumentation
/ Science
/ Single-Cell Analysis - instrumentation
/ Single-Cell Analysis - methods
/ Tetrahymena thermophila - cytology
/ Tetrahymena thermophila - metabolism
/ Vacuum
