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The cell envelope of Staphylococcus aureus selectively controls the sorting of virulence factors
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Journal Article
The cell envelope of Staphylococcus aureus selectively controls the sorting of virulence factors
2021
Overview
Staphylococcus aureus
bi-component pore-forming leukocidins are secreted toxins that directly target and lyse immune cells. Intriguingly, one of the leukocidins, Leukocidin AB (LukAB), is found associated with the bacterial cell envelope in addition to secreted into the extracellular milieu. Here, we report that retention of LukAB on the bacterial cells provides
S. aureus
with a pre-synthesized active toxin that kills immune cells. On the bacteria, LukAB is distributed as discrete foci in two distinct compartments: membrane-proximal and surface-exposed. Through genetic screens, we show that a membrane lipid, lysyl-phosphatidylglycerol (LPG), and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) contribute to LukAB deposition and release. Furthermore, by studying non-covalently surface-bound proteins we discovered that the sorting of additional exoproteins, such as IsaB, Hel, ScaH, and Geh, are also controlled by LPG and LTA. Collectively, our study reveals a multistep secretion system that controls exoprotein storage and protein translocation across the
S. aureus
cell wall.
The pathogen
Staphylococcus aureus
releases several pore-forming toxins, termed leukocidins, that kill immune cells. Here, Zheng et al. show that the retention of a leukocidin on bacterial cells and its release are modulated by lipoteichoic acid and a membrane lipid, which also control the sorting of other surface-associated proteins.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio
Subject
/ 14/19
/ 14/28
/ 64/60
/ 82/1
/ 82/29
/ 82/47
/ 82/58
/ Animals
/ Bacteria
/ Bacterial Proteins - metabolism
/ Bacterial Proteins - toxicity
/ Humanities and Social Sciences
/ Humans
/ Lipids
/ Lipopolysaccharides - genetics
/ Lipopolysaccharides - metabolism
/ Mice
/ Phosphatidylglycerols - genetics
/ Phosphatidylglycerols - metabolism
/ Proteins
/ Science
/ Staphylococcal Infections - microbiology
/ Staphylococcus aureus - genetics
/ Staphylococcus aureus - metabolism
/ Toxins
