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Journal Article
Avian malaria and bird humoral immune response
2018
Overview
Background
Plasmodium
parasites are known to impose fitness costs on their vertebrate hosts. Some of these costs are due to the activation of the immune response, which may divert resources away from self-maintenance.
Plasmodium
parasites may also immuno-deplete their hosts. Thus, infected individuals may be less able to mount an immune response to a new pathogen than uninfected ones. However, this has been poorly investigated.
Methods
The effect of
Plasmodium
infection on bird humoral immune response when encountering a novel antigen was tested. A laboratory experiment was conducted on canaries (
Serinus canaria
) experimentally infected with
Plasmodium relictum
(lineage SGS1) under controlled conditions. Birds were immune challenged with an intra-pectoral injection of a novel non-pathogenic antigen (keyhole limpet haemocyanin, KLH). One week later they were challenged again. The immune responses to the primary and to the secondary contacts were quantified as anti-KLH antibody production via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Results
There was no significant difference in antibody production between uninfected and
Plasmodium
infected birds at both primary and secondary contact. However,
Plasmodium
parasite intensity in the blood increased after the primary contact with the antigen.
Conclusions
There was no effect of
Plasmodium
infection on the magnitude of the humoral immune response. However, there was a cost of mounting an immune response in infected individuals as parasitaemia increased after the immune challenge, suggesting a trade-off between current control of chronic
Plasmodium
infection and investment against a new immune challenge.
Publisher
BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,BMC
