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The gut microbiome and HLA-B27-associated anterior uveitis: a case-control study
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The gut microbiome and HLA-B27-associated anterior uveitis: a case-control study
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Journal Article
The gut microbiome and HLA-B27-associated anterior uveitis: a case-control study
2024
Overview
Background
The human gut microbiome (GM) is involved in inflammation and immune response regulation. Dysbiosis, an imbalance in this ecosystem, facilitates pathogenic invasion, disrupts immune equilibrium, and potentially triggers diseases including various human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-B27-associated autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and spondyloarthropathy (SpA). This study assesses compositional and functional alterations of the GM in patients with HLA-B27-associated non-infectious anterior uveitis (AU) compared to healthy controls.
Methods
The gut metagenomes of 20 patients with HLA-B27-associated non-infectious AU, 21 age- and sex-matched HLA-B27-negative controls, and 6 HLA-B27-positive healthy controls without a history of AU were sequenced using the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform for whole metagenome shotgun sequencing. To identify taxonomic and functional features with significantly different relative abundances between groups and to identify associations with clinical metadata, the multivariate association by linear models (MaAsLin) R package was applied.
Results
Significantly higher levels of the
Eubacterium ramulus
species were found in HLA-B27-negative controls (
p
= 0.0085, Mann-Whitney U-test). No significant differences in microbial composition were observed at all other taxonomic levels. Functionally, the lipid IV
A
biosynthesis pathway was upregulated in patients (
p
< 0.0001, Mann-Whitney U-test). A subgroup analysis comparing patients with an active non-infectious AU to their age- and sex-matched HLA-B27-negative controls, showed an increase of the species
Phocaeicola vulgatus
in active AU (
p
= 0.0530, Mann-Whitney U-test). An additional analysis comparing AU patients to age- and sex-matched HLA-B27-positive controls, showed an increase of the species
Bacteroides caccae
in controls (
p
= 0.0022, Mann-Whitney U-test).
Conclusion
In our cohort, non-infectious AU development is associated with compositional and functional alterations of the GM. Further research is needed to assess the causality of these associations, offering potentially novel therapeutic strategies.
Publisher
BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,BMC
Subject
/ Aged
/ Antigens
/ Biomedical and Life Sciences
/ Female
/ Gastrointestinal Microbiome - physiology
/ HLA histocompatibility antigens
/ HLA-B27
/ HLA-B27 Antigen - immunology
/ Humans
/ Male
/ Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms)
/ Neuroinflammation in the Retina
/ Uveitis
/ Uveitis, Anterior - immunology
