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Global genomic analyses of wheat powdery mildew reveal association of pathogen spread with historical human migration and trade

by Barbieri, Chiara , Czembor, Paweł C , Arango-Isaza, Epifanía , Wicker, Thomas , Bourras, Salim , Sotiropoulos, Alexandros G , Ellwood, Simon R , Ban, Tomohiro , Graf, Johannes , Dinoor, Amos , Ben-David, Roi , Hatta, Koichi , Cowger, Christina , Helguera, Marcelo

in 45/23 / 49/22 / 631/181/457/649 / 631/326/193/2540 / 631/326/193/2541 / Agricultural Science / Airborne microorganisms / Blumeria graminis / Domestication / Evolution / Fungi / Genomes / Genomic analysis / Genomics / Human Migration / Humanities and Social Sciences / Humans / Hybridization / Jordbruksvetenskap / Microbiology / Migration / Mikrobiologi / multidisciplinary / Pathogens / Plant Diseases - microbiology / Poaceae / Powdery mildew / Science / Science (multidisciplinary) / Triticum - genetics / Triticum - microbiology / Wheat

2022

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Global genomic analyses of wheat powdery mildew reveal association of pathogen spread with historical human migration and trade

2022

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2022

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Journal Article

Global genomic analyses of wheat powdery mildew reveal association of pathogen spread with historical human migration and trade

Barbieri, Chiara,

Czembor, Paweł C,

Arango-Isaza, Epifanía,

Wicker, Thomas,

Bourras, Salim,

Sotiropoulos, Alexandros G,

Ellwood, Simon R,

Ban, Tomohiro,

Graf, Johannes,

Dinoor, Amos,

Ben-David, Roi,

Hatta, Koichi,

Cowger, Christina,

Helguera, Marcelo

2022

Overview

The fungus Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici causes wheat powdery mildew disease. Here, we study its spread and evolution by analyzing a global sample of 172 mildew genomes. Our analyses show that B.g. tritici emerged in the Fertile Crescent during wheat domestication. After it spread throughout Eurasia, colonization brought it to America, where it hybridized with unknown grass mildew species. Recent trade brought USA strains to Japan, and European strains to China. In both places, they hybridized with local ancestral strains. Thus, although mildew spreads by wind regionally, our results indicate that humans drove its global spread throughout history and that mildew rapidly evolved through hybridization. The fungus Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici causes wheat powdery mildew disease. Here, Sotiropoulos et al. analyze a global sample of 172 mildew genomes, providing evidence that humans drove global spread of the pathogen throughout history and that mildew rapidly evolved through hybridization with local fungal strains.

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Publisher

Nature Research,Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio

Subject

/ 49/22

/ Agricultural Science

/ Airborne microorganisms