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High-Performance Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Derived from Polyaniline, Iron, and Cobalt
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High-Performance Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Derived from Polyaniline, Iron, and Cobalt
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Journal Article
High-Performance Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Derived from Polyaniline, Iron, and Cobalt
2011
Overview
The prohibitive cost of platinum for catalyzing the cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) has hampered the widespread use of polymer electrolyte fuel cells. We describe a family of non-precious metal catalysts that approach the performance of platinum-based systems at a cost sustainable for high-power fuel cell applications, possibly including automotive power. The approach uses polyaniline as a precursor to a carbon-nitrogen template for high-temperature synthesis of catalysts incorporating iron and cobalt. The most active materials in the group catalyze the ORR at potentials within ~60 millivolts of that delivered by state-of-the-art carbon-supported platinum, combining their high activity with remarkable performance stability for non-precious metal catalysts (700 hours at a fuel cell voltage of 0.4 volts) as well as excellent four-electron selectivity (hydrogen peroxide yield <1.0%).
Publisher
American Association for the Advancement of Science,The American Association for the Advancement of Science
Subject
/ Carbon
/ Catalysts: preparations and properties
/ Cathodes
/ Cobalt
/ Direct energy conversion and energy accumulation
/ Electrical engineering. Electrical power engineering
/ Electrical power engineering
/ Electrochemical conversion: primary and secondary batteries, fuel cells
/ Energy
/ Energy. Thermal use of fuels
/ Equipments for energy generation and conversion: thermal, electrical, mechanical energy, etc
/ Exact sciences and technology
/ Fuels
/ General and physical chemistry
/ Iron
/ Miscellaneous (electroosmosis, electrophoresis, electrochromism, electrocrystallization, ...)
/ Nitrogen
/ Oxygen
/ Platinum
/ Polymers
