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Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of bacteria colonizing the external ocular surfaces of patients undergoing ocular surgeries at Bugando Medical Center in Mwanza, Tanzania
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Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of bacteria colonizing the external ocular surfaces of patients undergoing ocular surgeries at Bugando Medical Center in Mwanza, Tanzania
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Journal Article
Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of bacteria colonizing the external ocular surfaces of patients undergoing ocular surgeries at Bugando Medical Center in Mwanza, Tanzania
2024
Overview
Objective
Understanding microbiota colonizing ocular surfaces is key to expedite antibiotic prophylactic options for ocular surgeries, and therefore, prevent subsequent surgical site infections (SSIs). To fill this critical gap, we aimed at determining the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of bacteria colonizing the external ocular surfaces of 224 patients undergoing ocular surgeries at Bugando Medical Centre (BMC) in Mwanza, Tanzania between May and August 2023.
Results
The study participants had a median age of 62.5 (interquartile range: 39.5–75.0) years. A total of 78.1% (175/224) ocular swabs were culture positive yielding 196 bacterial isolates.
Staphylococcus epidermidis
[43.4% (
n
= 85)],
Staphylococcus aureus
[21.9% (
n
= 43)] and
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
[14.3% (
n
= 28)] were the most common bacteria. There were low proportions of resistance among predominant Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria to gentamicin (≤ 25.0%), and similarly, low resistance among Gram negative bacteria was observed against 3rd generation cephalosporins (≤ 25.0%) and piperacillin-tazobactam (0.0%). Variable resistance profiles were notable to the most commonly used antibiotics (ciprofloxacin and tetracycline: 0.0–66.7%). Our findings underscore an urgent need to revisit antibiotic prophylactic guidelines for ocular surgeries in this tertiary hospital, and calls for prospective evaluation of incident SSIs post-ocular surgeries to guide specific management.
Publisher
BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
Subject
/ Aged
/ Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology
/ Antibiotic Prophylaxis - methods
/ Bacteria
/ Bacteria - isolation & purification
/ Biomedical and Life Sciences
/ Female
/ Humans
/ Male
/ Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms)
/ Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures
/ Patients
/ Pseudomonas aeruginosa - drug effects
/ Pseudomonas aeruginosa - isolation & purification
/ Software
/ Staphylococcus epidermidis - drug effects
/ Staphylococcus epidermidis - isolation & purification
/ Surgery
/ Surgical Wound Infection - epidemiology
/ Surgical Wound Infection - microbiology
/ Surgical Wound Infection - prevention & control
/ Tanzania
