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Regional Variability of Megabenthic Community Structure across the Canadian Arctic
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Regional Variability of Megabenthic Community Structure across the Canadian Arctic
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Regional Variability of Megabenthic Community Structure across the Canadian Arctic
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Regional Variability of Megabenthic Community Structure across the Canadian Arctic
Regional Variability of Megabenthic Community Structure across the Canadian Arctic
Journal Article

Regional Variability of Megabenthic Community Structure across the Canadian Arctic

2015
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Overview
Major climate changes are underway in the Canadian Arctic, but our ability to monitor and predict their impact on faunal community structure is hindered by the lack of baseline diversity data. This study combined megabenthic community data sampled at 78 stations from 2007 to 2011 across the Western and Eastern Canadian Arctic biogeographic units. These large biogeographic units were divided into five geographical regions to provide regional estimates of observed and predicted taxon richness. We did not detect a strong regional difference in benthic community characteristics, observing only a lower richness in the Amundsen Gulf region than in the neighboring Beaufort Sea region. The Amundsen Gulf region had the highest turnover (beta) diversity, coincident with high environmental heterogeneity. The strong and distinctive presence in the Beaufort Sea region of Saduria spp., a euryhaline isopod, demonstrated the particular influence of the Mackenzie River on the community composition ofthat region. Our analysis showed that in various regions, about 34% to 59% of megabenthic taxa in Canadian Arctic waters are still to be documented. This study provides useful baseline data for both national and pan-Arctic evaluations of benthic diversity in the Arctic Ocean. Des changements climatiques majeurs sont en cours dans l'Arctique canadien, mais notre capacité à surveiller et à prévoir leurs impacts sur la structure des communautés est entravée par le manque de données de référence sur la diversité. Cette étude combine des données sur les communautés mégabenthiques échantillonnées à 78 stations de 2007 à 2011 à l'intérieur des unités biogéographiques de l'ouest et de l'est de l'Arctique canadien. Ces grandes unités biogéographiques ont été divisées en cinq régions géographiques afin de fournir des estimations régionales de richesse taxonomique observée et prédite. Nous n'avons pas détecté de fortes différences régionales dans les caractéristiques des communautés, benthiques. Seule la richesse observée est inférieure dans le golfe d'Amundsen par rapport à la région voisine de la mer de Beaufort. La région du golfe d'Amundsen a la diversité bêta la plus élevée, ce qui coïncide avec une grande hétérogénéité de conditions environnementales. La composition taxonomique de la mer de Beaufort est différente de celle des autres régions. La présence distinctive et forte de Saduria spp., un isopode euryhalin, dans la région de la mer de Beaufort illustre l'influence du fleuve Mackenzie sur la composition taxonomique de cette région. Notre analyse démontre que régionalement, environ 34 % à 59 % des taxa mégabenthiques restent à être répertoriés dans les eaux arctiques canadiennes. Cette étude fournit des données de référence utiles pour les évaluations nationales et panarctiques de la diversité benthique de l'océan Arctique.
Publisher
Arctic Institute of North America,Arctic Institute of North America of the University of Calgary