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Neurovirulence safety testing of mumps vaccines—Historical perspective and current status
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Neurovirulence safety testing of mumps vaccines—Historical perspective and current status
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Journal Article
Neurovirulence safety testing of mumps vaccines—Historical perspective and current status
2011
Overview
Many live, attenuated viral vaccines are derived from wild type viruses with known neurovirulent properties. To assure the absence of residual neurotoxicity, pre-clinical neurovirulence safety testing of candidate vaccines is performed. For mumps virus, a highly neurotropic virus, neurovirulence safety testing is performed in monkeys. However, laboratory studies suggest an inability of this test to correctly discern among virus strains of varying neurovirulence potential in man, and, further, some vaccines found to be neuroattenuated in monkeys were later found to be neurovirulent in humans when administered in large numbers. Over the past decade, concerted efforts have been made to replace monkey-based neurovirulence safety testing with more informative, alternative methods. This review summarizes the current status of mumps vaccine neurovirulence safety testing and insights into models currently approved and those under development.
Publisher
Elsevier Ltd,Elsevier,Elsevier Limited
Subject
/ Animal Testing Alternatives - trends
/ Animals
/ Biological and medical sciences
/ Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
/ Humans
/ Meningitis, Aseptic - chemically induced
/ Mice
/ Monkeys
/ Mumps
/ Mumps Vaccine - adverse effects
/ Rats
/ Rodents
/ Safety
/ Vaccine
/ Vaccines
/ Vaccines, antisera, therapeutical immunoglobulins and monoclonal antibodies (general aspects)
/ Vaccines, Attenuated - adverse effects
/ Vaccines, Attenuated - history
/ viruses
