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My patient might be depressed – can I still screen for MCI? Exploring cognitive performance on the MoCA in older people screened for depressive symptoms with the PHQ-9
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My patient might be depressed – can I still screen for MCI? Exploring cognitive performance on the MoCA in older people screened for depressive symptoms with the PHQ-9
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Journal Article
My patient might be depressed – can I still screen for MCI? Exploring cognitive performance on the MoCA in older people screened for depressive symptoms with the PHQ-9
2025
Overview
Objective
The aim of this study was to compare the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) performances of people who report no, subclinical, and clinical symptoms of depression.
Methods
Data was collected for the randomized controlled trial BrainFit-Nutrition. A secondary data analysis of 1,111 participants (age ≥ 60 years;
M
= 68.4 years; 55.1% female) was performed. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), cognitive performance was assessed via the MoCA. Performance differences were tested with Kruskal-Wallis tests. Two sensitivity analyses were conducted, one with data from people with MCI and one with the original item structure of the MoCA.
Results
No differences were found in the MoCA total score or in visuospatial, executive functioning, attention, memory, or orientation subscores between individuals with no, subclinical, or clinical symptoms of depression. A sensitivity analysis also showed no differences.
Conclusion
Cognitive screening with the MoCA seems to be robust against depression and could therefore be used to screen for MCI regardless of depression level.
Trial registration
The study was prospectively registered at the International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number Registry on 23/11/2021 (ISRCTN 10560738).
Publisher
BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
