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An evaporite sequence from ancient brine recorded in Bennu samples

by Jones, R. H. , Timms, N. E. , Harrison, C. S. , Tu, V. M. , Righter, K. , Corrigan, C. M. , Yurimoto, H. , Almeida, N. V. , Marcus, M. A. , Ong, I. J. , Bates, H. C. , Dominguez, G. , Sun, X. , Ireland, T. R. , Kawasaki, N. , Lunning, N. G. , Rickard, W. D. A. , Franchi, I. A. , Haenecour, P. , Gainsforth, Z. , Prince, B. S. , Zega, T. J. , Lauretta, D. S. , Ishimaru, K. , Tait, K. T. , Jourdan, F. , Thompson, M. S. , Hill, D. H. , Portail, M. , Barnes, J. J. , Ray, S. , Le, L. , Seifert, L. B. , Sakamoto, N. , Wardell, L. R. , Reddy, S. M. , Keller, L. P. , Sandford, S. A. , Kaplan, H. H. , McCoy, T. J. , Libourel, G. , Rose, T. R. , Thomas-Keprta, K. L. , Hamilton, V. E. , DellaGiustina, D. N. , Zeszut, Z. , Salge, T. , Smith, L. R. , Dworkin, J. P. , Saxey, D. W. , Schofield, P. F. , Zanetta, P.-M. , Russell, S. S. , Singerling, S. A. , Bland, P. A. , Tachibana, S. , Benner, M. C. , Eckley, S. A. , Guigoz, V. , Kerrison, N. A. , Brenker, F. E. , Gooding, T. , Mayers, C. , King, A. J. , Glavin, D. P. , Connolly, H. C.

in 639/33/445/3928 / 639/33/445/3929 / 704/445/330 / 704/445/431 / 704/445/848 / Apollo asteroids / asteroid / Asteroid missions / Asteroids / Asteroids, comets and Kuiper belt / Astrobiology / Bennu / Brines / Carbonates / Chlorides / Dissolved salts / Early solar system / Earth / Enceladus / Evaporation / Fluorides / Freezing / GEOSCIENCES / Humanities and Social Sciences / Mars / Mineralogy / Minerals / multidisciplinary / OSIRIS-REx / Outer solar system / Petrology / Phosphates / Planetary Sciences / Remote sensing / sample return / Sample return missions / Scanning electron microscopy / Science / Science (multidisciplinary) / Sciences of the Universe / Sodium / Sodium carbonate / Spectrum analysis / Structural basins / Sulfates

2025

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2025

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2025

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Journal Article

An evaporite sequence from ancient brine recorded in Bennu samples

Jones, R. H.,

Timms, N. E.,

Harrison, C. S.,

Tu, V. M.,

Righter, K.,

Corrigan, C. M.,

Yurimoto, H.,

Almeida, N. V.,

Marcus, M. A.,

Ong, I. J.,

Bates, H. C.,

Dominguez, G.,

Sun, X.,

Ireland, T. R.,

Kawasaki, N.,

Lunning, N. G.,

Rickard, W. D. A.,

Franchi, I. A.,

Haenecour, P.,

Gainsforth, Z.,

Prince, B. S.,

Zega, T. J.,

Lauretta, D. S.,

Ishimaru, K.,

Tait, K. T.,

Jourdan, F.,

Thompson, M. S.,

Hill, D. H.,

Portail, M.,

Barnes, J. J.,

Ray, S.,

Le, L.,

Seifert, L. B.,

Sakamoto, N.,

Wardell, L. R.,

Reddy, S. M.,

Keller, L. P.,

Sandford, S. A.,

Kaplan, H. H.,

McCoy, T. J.,

Libourel, G.,

Rose, T. R.,

Thomas-Keprta, K. L.,

Hamilton, V. E.,

DellaGiustina, D. N.,

Zeszut, Z.,

Salge, T.,

Smith, L. R.,

Dworkin, J. P.,

Saxey, D. W.,

Schofield, P. F.,

Zanetta, P.-M.,

Russell, S. S.,

Singerling, S. A.,

Bland, P. A.,

Tachibana, S.,

Benner, M. C.,

Eckley, S. A.,

Guigoz, V.,

Kerrison, N. A.,

Brenker, F. E.,

Gooding, T.,

Mayers, C.,

King, A. J.,

Glavin, D. P.,

Connolly, H. C.

2025

Overview

Evaporation or freezing of water-rich fluids with dilute concentrations of dissolved salts can produce brines, as observed in closed basins on Earth 1 and detected by remote sensing on icy bodies in the outer Solar System 2 , 3 . The mineralogical evolution of these brines is well understood in regard to terrestrial environments 4 , but poorly constrained for extraterrestrial systems owing to a lack of direct sampling. Here we report the occurrence of salt minerals in samples of the asteroid (101955) Bennu returned by the OSIRIS-REx mission 5 . These include sodium-bearing phosphates and sodium-rich carbonates, sulfates, chlorides and fluorides formed during evaporation of a late-stage brine that existed early in the history of Bennu’s parent body. Discovery of diverse salts would not be possible without mission sample return and careful curation and storage, because these decompose with prolonged exposure to Earth’s atmosphere. Similar brines probably still occur in the interior of icy bodies Ceres and Enceladus, as indicated by spectra or measurement of sodium carbonate on the surface or in plumes 2 , 3 . Samples from the asteroid (101955) Bennu, returned by the OSIRIS-REx mission, include sodium-bearing phosphates and sodium-rich carbonates, sulfates, chlorides and fluorides formed during evaporation of a late-stage brine.

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