Journal Article

The effects of low-intensity narrow-band blue-light treatment compared to bright white-light treatment in sub-syndromal seasonal affective disorder

Meesters, Ybe, Hommes, Vanja, Duijzer, Wianne B., Winthorst, Wim H.

2016

Overview

Background The discovery of a novel photoreceptor in the retinal ganglion cells with a highest sensitivity of 470-490 nm blue light has led to research on the effects of short-wavelength light in humans. Several studies have explored the efficacy of monochromatic blue or blue-enriched light in the treatment of SAD. In this study, a comparison has been made between the effects of broad-wavelength light without ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths compared to narrow-band blue light in the treatment of sub-syndromal seasonal affective disorder (Sub-SAD). Method In a 15-day design, 48 participants suffering from Sub-SAD completed 20-minute sessions of light treatment on five consecutive days. 22 participants were given bright white-light treatment (BLT, broad-wavelength light without UV 10 000 lux, irradiance 31.7 Watt/m 2 ) and 26 participants received narrow-band blue light (BLUE, 100 lux, irradiance 1.0 Watt/m 2 ). All participants completed daily and weekly questionnaires concerning mood, activation, sleep quality, sleepiness and energy. Also, mood and energy levels were assessed by means of the SIGH-SAD, the primary outcome measure. Results On day 15, SIGH-SAD ratings were significantly lower than on day 1 (BLT 54.8 %, effect size 1.7 and BLUE 50.7 %, effect size 1.9). No statistically significant differences were found on the main outcome measures. Conclusion Light treatment is an effective treatment for Sub-SAD. The use of narrow-band blue-light treatment is equally effective as bright white-light treatment. Trial registration This study was registered in the Dutch Trial Register (Nederlands Trial Register TC =  4342 ) (20-12-2013).

• Publisher: BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V
• Subject: Adult / Affect - radiation effects / Carbohydrates / Care and treatment / Complications and side effects / Emotions / Female / Humans / Influence / Interview, Psychological - methods / Light / Light emitting diodes / Light therapy / Male / Medicine / Medicine & Public Health / Mental depression / Middle Aged / Monochromatic light / Mood disorders / Photoreceptors / Phototherapy - instrumentation / Phototherapy - methods / Psychiatry / Psychotherapy / Questionnaires / Research Article / Seasonal affective disorder / Seasonal Affective Disorder - diagnosis / Seasonal Affective Disorder - therapy / Seasonal variations / Sleep disorders / Sleep Stages - radiation effects / Surveys and Questionnaires / Time Factors / Treatment Outcome