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Journal Article
Towards a molecular architecture of centriole assembly
2012
Overview
Key Points
Centrioles and basal bodies (hereafter referred to as 'centrioles' for simplicity) are essential for the formation of cilia, flagella and centrosomes. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms governing centriole assembly is crucial for many fundamental biological processes.
Centriole ultrastructure is characterized by a ninefold symmetric arrangement of microtubules, which is imparted at the least in part by a cartwheel that also exhibits a ninefold radial symmetry.
Five components that were initially discovered in the nematode
Caenorhabditis elegans
as being essential for centriole assembly have relatives in other species that are likewise required for this process.
Self-assembly of spindle assembly abnormal 6 (SAS-6) proteins is crucial for the ninefold radial symmetry of the cartwheel and thus of the centriole.
Poorly characterized SAS-6- and cartwheel-independent mechanisms contribute to efficient centriole assembly.
The mechanisms that promote the addition of microtubules and regulate the length of centrioles have begun to be investigated.
The centriole is crucial for the formation of flagella, cilia and centrosomes. The ultrastructure of the centriole reveals a striking ninefold radial arrangement of microtubules. Emerging insights into the molecular mechanisms of centriole assembly include the function of spindle assembly abnormal 6 (SAS-6) proteins in imparting the ninefold symmetry.
The centriole is an evolutionarily conserved macromolecular structure that is crucial for the formation of flagella, cilia and centrosomes. The ultrastructure of the centriole was first characterized decades ago with the advent of electron microscopy, revealing a striking ninefold radial arrangement of microtubules. However, it is only recently that the molecular mechanisms governing centriole assembly have begun to emerge, including the elucidation of the crucial role of spindle assembly abnormal 6 (SAS-6) proteins in imparting the ninefold symmetry. These advances have brought the field to an exciting era in which architecture meets function.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group
