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Holocentromeres can consist of merely a few megabase-sized satellite arrays

by Fuchs, Jörg , Dunemann, Frank , Klocke, Evelyn , Macas, Jiří , Schubert, Veit , Câmara, Amanda Souza , Himmelbach, Axel , Neumann, Pavel , Abel, Simone , Demidov, Dmitri , Melzer, Michael , Huettel, Bruno , Ishii, Takayoshi , Marques, André , Chen, Jianyong , Houben, Andreas , Kuo, Yi-Tzu , Mascher, Martin

in 13/1 / 13/106 / 13/31 / 13/51 / 14/28 / 14/32 / 14/63 / 45 / 45/15 / 45/22 / 45/23 / 45/71 / 45/77 / 45/90 / 45/91 / 49 / 49/31 / 631/208/1405 / 631/208/182 / Arrays / Cell Cycle Proteins / Cell Division / Centromere - genetics / Centromeres / Chromatids / Chromosomes / Genomes / Heterochromatin / Heterochromatin - genetics / Histone H3 / Histones / Humanities and Social Sciences / Interphase / Microtubules / Monomers / multidisciplinary / Polymers / Science / Science (multidisciplinary)

2023

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2023

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2023

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Journal Article

Holocentromeres can consist of merely a few megabase-sized satellite arrays

Fuchs, Jörg,

Dunemann, Frank,

Klocke, Evelyn,

Macas, Jiří,

Schubert, Veit,

Câmara, Amanda Souza,

Himmelbach, Axel,

Neumann, Pavel,

Abel, Simone,

Demidov, Dmitri,

Melzer, Michael,

Huettel, Bruno,

Ishii, Takayoshi,

Marques, André,

Chen, Jianyong,

Houben, Andreas,

Kuo, Yi-Tzu,

Mascher, Martin

2023

Overview

The centromere is the chromosome region where microtubules attach during cell division. In contrast to monocentric chromosomes with one centromere, holocentric species usually distribute hundreds of centromere units along the entire chromatid. We assembled the chromosome-scale reference genome and analyzed the holocentromere and (epi)genome organization of the lilioid Chionographis japonica . Remarkably, each of its holocentric chromatids consists of only 7 to 11 evenly spaced megabase-sized centromere-specific histone H3-positive units. These units contain satellite arrays of 23 and 28 bp-long monomers capable of forming palindromic structures. Like monocentric species, C. japonica forms clustered centromeres in chromocenters at interphase. In addition, the large-scale eu- and heterochromatin arrangement differs between C. japonica and other known holocentric species. Finally, using polymer simulations, we model the formation of prometaphase line-like holocentromeres from interphase centromere clusters. Our findings broaden the knowledge about centromere diversity, showing that holocentricity is not restricted to species with numerous and small centromere units. The centromere is required for the segregation of chromosomes. Here, the authors report the organization and dynamic of holocentric chromosomes, each containing 7 to 11 evenly spaced megabase-sized centromere-specific histone H3-positive units.

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Publisher

Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio

Subject

13/1

/ 13/106

/ 13/31

/ 13/51

/ 14/28

/ 14/32

/ 14/63