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A deep learning model for classification of chondroid tumors on CT images
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A deep learning model for classification of chondroid tumors on CT images
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Journal Article
A deep learning model for classification of chondroid tumors on CT images
2025
Overview
Background
Differentiating chondroid tumors is crucial for proper patient management. This study aimed to develop a deep learning model (DLM) for classifying enchondromas, atypical cartilaginous tumors (ACT), and high-grade chondrosarcomas using CT images.
Methods
This retrospective study analyzed chondroid tumors from two independent cohorts. Tumors were segmented on CT images. A 2D convolutional neural network was developed and tested using split-sample and geographical validation. Four radiologists blinded to patient data and the DLM results with various levels of experience performed readings of the external test dataset for comparison. Performance metrics included accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC).
Results
CTs from 344 patients (175 women; age = 50.3 ± 14.3 years;) with diagnosed enchondroma (
n
= 124), ACT (
n
= 92) or high-grade chondrosarcoma (
n
= 128) were analyzed. The DLM demonstrated comparable performance to radiologists (
p
> 0.05), achieving an AUC of 0.88 for distinguishing enchondromas from chondrosarcomas and 0.82 for differentiating enchondromas from ACTs. The DLM and musculoskeletal expert showed similar performance in differentiating ACTs from high-grade chondrosarcomas (
p
= 0.26), with an AUC of 0.64 and 0.56, respectively.
Conclusions
The DLM reliably differentiates benign from malignant cartilaginous tumors and is particularly useful for the differentiation between ACTs and Enchondromas, which is challenging based on CT images only. However, the differentiation between ACTs and high-grade chondrosarcomas remains difficult, reflecting known diagnostic challenges in radiology.
Publisher
BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
Subject
/ Adult
/ Aged
/ Biomedical and Life Sciences
/ Bone Neoplasms - classification
/ Bone Neoplasms - diagnostic imaging
/ Chondroma - diagnostic imaging
/ Chondrosarcoma - classification
/ Chondrosarcoma - diagnostic imaging
/ Datasets
/ Female
/ Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
/ Humans
/ Male
/ Oncology
/ Patients
/ Tomography, X-Ray Computed - methods
/ Tumors
