Journal Article

Interaction between baseline HBV loads and the prognosis of patients with HCC receiving anti-PD-1 in combination with antiangiogenic therapy undergoing concurrent TAF prophylaxis

Li, Rong, Hu, Xiaoyun, Zang, Mengya, Li, Qi, Chen, Jinzhang, Yuan, Guosheng

2022

Overview

Background A high baseline hepatitis B virus (HBV) load has always been listed as an exclusion criterion for programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) inhibitor-associated therapy in clinical trials, as the interaction between HBV load and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy with anti HBV therapy remains controversial. Methods We retrospectively enrolled 70 unresectable HCC patients who were seropositive for HBsAg and accepted tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (TAF) therapy before anti-PD-1 in combination with an antiangiogenic treatment. Patients were divided into a low HBV DNA group (≤ 2000 IU/ml) and a high HBV DNA group (> 2000 IU/ml) according to the baseline HBV DNA levels. Tumour response and progression-free survival (PFS) were compared, and univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were performed to identify potential risk factors for PFS. The incidences of HBV reactivation and HBV-associated hepatitis were also recorded. Results 48 patients were assigned to the low group and the remaining 22 patients were assigned to the high group. The objective response rates (ORRs), disease control rates (DCRs), and PFS between the two groups showed no significant difference ( P  = 0.761, 0.552, and 0.784, respectively). The results of Cox analyses revealed that there was no relationship between baseline HBV load and PFS. Additionally, HBV reactivation occurred in only 2 patients (2.9%), and no patient experienced HBV-related hepatic impairment when given a continuous TAF treatment. Conclusions Baseline HBV loads do not affect the prognosis of HCC patients receiving anti-PD-1 in combination with an antiangiogenic therapy, while PD-1 inhibitors do not aggravate HBV reactivation and hepatic impairment in patients simultaneously subjected to TAF prophylaxis. Key points Baseline HBV loads do not affect the prognosis of HCC patients receiving anti-PD-1 in combination with antiangiogenic therapy. Besides, PD-1 inhibitors do not aggravate HBV reactivation and hepatic impairment undergoing concurrent TAF prophylaxis.

• Publisher: BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
• Subject: Antiangiogenics / Antibodies / Antiretroviral drugs / Apoptosis / Care and treatment / Cell death / Clinical trials / Cytotoxicity / Deoxyribonucleic acid / Diagnosis / Disease control / Disease prevention / DNA / Dosage and administration / Drug dosages / Health aspects / Health services / Hepatitis / Hepatitis B / Hepatitis B surface antigen / Hepatitis B virus / Hepatitis B virus (HBV) / Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) / Hepatoma / Immunotherapy / Impairment / Infections / Infectious Diseases / Internal Medicine / Ligands (Biochemistry) / Liver / Liver cancer / Measurement / Medical Microbiology / Medical prognosis / Medicine / Medicine & Public Health / Multivariate analysis / Normal distribution / Parasitology / Patients / PD-1 protein / PD-L1 protein / Prognosis / Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) / Prophylaxis / Reactivation / Risk analysis / Risk factors / Tenofovir / Tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (TAF) / Therapy / Tropical Medicine / Tumors / Viremia