Journal Article

Initial sequence of the chimpanzee genome and comparison with the human genome

and Analysis Consortium, The Chimpanzee Sequencing

2005

Overview

Here we present a draft genome sequence of the common chimpanzee ( Pan troglodytes ). Through comparison with the human genome, we have generated a largely complete catalogue of the genetic differences that have accumulated since the human and chimpanzee species diverged from our common ancestor, constituting approximately thirty-five million single-nucleotide changes, five million insertion/deletion events, and various chromosomal rearrangements. We use this catalogue to explore the magnitude and regional variation of mutational forces shaping these two genomes, and the strength of positive and negative selection acting on their genes. In particular, we find that the patterns of evolution in human and chimpanzee protein-coding genes are highly correlated and dominated by the fixation of neutral and slightly deleterious alleles. We also use the chimpanzee genome as an outgroup to investigate human population genetics and identify signatures of selective sweeps in recent human evolution.

• Publisher: Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group
• Subject: Alleles / Alu Elements - genetics / Animals / Base Composition / Biologi / Biology / Cell and molecular biology / Cell- och molekylärbiologi / Comparative studies / Computational Biology / Disease / DNA Transposable Elements - genetics / Evolution / Evolution, Molecular / Genes / Genetic diversity / Genetics / Genetik / Genome, Human / Genomics / Hominids / Human populations / Humanities and Social Sciences / Humans / Monkeys & apes / multidisciplinary / Mutagenesis - genetics / Mutation / NATURAL SCIENCES / NATURVETENSKAP / Pan troglodytes - genetics / Phylogeny / Polymorphism, Genetic - genetics / Population genetics / Recombination, Genetic - genetics / Science / Science (multidisciplinary) / Sequence Analysis, DNA / Telomere - genetics / Time Factors