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Implementation of Rotavirus Surveillance and Vaccine Introduction — World Health Organization African Region, 2007–2016
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Implementation of Rotavirus Surveillance and Vaccine Introduction — World Health Organization African Region, 2007–2016
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Journal Article
Implementation of Rotavirus Surveillance and Vaccine Introduction — World Health Organization African Region, 2007–2016
2017
Overview
Rotavirus is a leading cause of severe pediatric diarrhea globally, estimated to have caused 120,000 deaths among children aged <5 years in sub-Saharan Africa in 2013 (1). In 2009, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended rotavirus vaccination for all infants worldwide (2). Two rotavirus vaccines are currently licensed globally: the monovalent Rotarix vaccine (RV1, GlaxoSmithKline; 2-dose series) and the pentavalent RotaTeq vaccine (RV5, Merck; 3-dose series). This report describes progress of rotavirus vaccine introduction (3), coverage (using estimates from WHO and the United Nations Children's Fund [UNICEF]) (4), and impact on pediatric diarrhea hospitalizations in the WHO African Region. By December 2016, 31 (66%) of 47 countries in the WHO African Region had introduced rotavirus vaccine, including 26 that introduced RV1 and five that introduced RV5. Among these countries, rotavirus vaccination coverage (completed series) was 77%, according to WHO/UNICEF population-weighted estimates. In 12 countries with surveillance data available before and after vaccine introduction, the proportion of pediatric diarrhea hospitalizations that were rotavirus-positive declined 33%, from 39% preintroduction to 26% following rotavirus vaccine introduction. These results support introduction of rotavirus vaccine in the remaining countries in the region and continuation of rotavirus surveillance to monitor impact.
Publisher
Center for Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Laboratory Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services,U.S. Government Printing Office,U.S. Center for Disease Control,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Subject
/ Age
/ Deaths
/ Diarrhea
/ Humans
/ Immunization Programs - organization & administration
/ Infant
/ Infants
/ Regions
/ Rotavirus - isolation & purification
/ Rotavirus Infections - epidemiology
/ Rotavirus Infections - prevention & control
/ Rotavirus Vaccines - administration & dosage
/ Vaccines
/ Viruses
