Journal Article

Effect of a 1.1% NaF toothpaste containing Sr/F-doped bioactive glass on irradiated demineralized dentin: an in vitro study

Wittayanuwat, Supapan, Nimmano, Nattika, Naruphontjirakul, Parichart, Pischom, Narueporn, Kettratad, Matana, Gesprasert, Chananya, Panpisut, Piyaphong

2024

Overview

Objective Patients receiving head and neck radiation are at high risk for radiation caries. This study aimed to evaluate the remineralizing effects of an experimental 1.1% NaF (5000 ppmF) toothpaste containing Sr/F-doped bioactive glass nanoparticles (BAG or B) on demineralized irradiated dentin. Materials and methods Fluoride concentration and pH stability of materials upon mixing with water were assessed using a fluoride-specific electrode ( n  = 3) for up to 3 months. Elemental release of materials in water was determined using ICP-OES ( n  = 3). Fourteen extracted molars were irradiated with a cumulative dose of 70 Gy. Each tooth was sectioned into 4 specimens ( n  = 14/group), demineralized, and subjected to pH cycling for 14 days. Groups were treated with Prevident (PV), E5000, E5000B, and deionized water twice daily. Remineralization was assessed using ATR-FTIR (mineral-to-collagen ratio) ( n  = 14). Mineral precipitation was additionally examined with SEM-EDX. The in vitro cytotoxicity of the materials on L929 mouse fibrosarcoma was evaluated with the MTT test ( n  = 3). Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by Dunn’s procedure, was used to compare the data between groups. Result PV demonstrated greater pH and fluoride release stability than the experimental materials. E5000B exhibited a slight reduction of fluoride release ( p  < 0.01, R²=0.656) and an increase in pH with time ( p  = 0.006, R²=0.233). The highest increase in mineral-to-collagen ratio at 14 days was detected with PV ( p  < 0.05). E5000B also showed a significantly higher ratio than E5000 ( p  = 0.014). SEM-EDX detected mineral precipitation on dentin treated with PV and E5000B but not in E5000 and DI. The cell viability of PV (56%) was significantly lower than that of E5000 (94%) and E5000B (89%) ( p  < 0.05). Conclusion The use of 5000 ppm fluoride toothpaste enhanced the remineralization of irradiated demineralized dentin, highlighting a potentially valuable strategy for preventing radiation caries. Adding bioactive glass further promoted remineralization but may require formulation adjustments to maintain toothpaste stability for clinical use.

• Publisher: BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
• Subject: 5000 ppm fluoride toothpaste / Bioactive glass / Care and treatment / Cell viability / Chemical precipitation / Collagen / Composition / Cranial Irradiation - adverse effects / Cytotoxicity / Demineralization / Dental caries / Dental enamel / Dentifrices / Dentin / Dentin - drug effects / Dentin - radiation effects / Dentistry / Fibrosarcoma / Fluoride / Fluoride treatments / Fluorides / Fluorine / Glass / Humans / Medicine / Molar - pathology / Molar - radiation effects / Nanoparticles / Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery / Oral hygiene / pH effects / Prevention / Radiation / Radiation therapy / Remineralization / Sodium Fluoride / Spectrum analysis / Strontium / Tooth Demineralization - prevention & control / Tooth Remineralization - methods / Toothpaste / Toothpastes - chemistry / Toothpastes - pharmacology / Toothpastes - therapeutic use