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Transdermal pilocarpine on the skin over salivary glands to increase salivation: an in vivo study
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Transdermal pilocarpine on the skin over salivary glands to increase salivation: an in vivo study
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Journal Article
Transdermal pilocarpine on the skin over salivary glands to increase salivation: an in vivo study
2024
Overview
Background
Hyposalivation is treated using oral cholinergic drugs; however, systemic side effects occasionally lead to discontinuation of treatment. We aimed to investigate the effects of transdermal pilocarpine on the salivary gland skin on saliva secretion and safety in rats.
Methods
Pilocarpine was administered to rats orally (0.5 mg/kg) or topically on the salivary gland skin (5 mg/body). Saliva volume, the number of sweat dots, and fecal weight were measured along with pilocarpine concentration in plasma and submandibular gland tissues.
Results
Saliva volume significantly increased 0.5 h after oral administration and 0.5, 3, and 12 h after topical administration. Fecal weight and sweat dots increased significantly 1 h after oral administration; however, no changes were observed after topical application. The pilocarpine concentration in the submandibular gland tissues of the topical group was higher than that in the oral group at 0.5, 3, and 12 h of administration.
Conclusions
Pilocarpine application to salivary gland skin persistently increased salivary volume in rats without inducing sweating or diarrhea. Transdermal pilocarpine applied to the skin over the salivary glands may be an effective and safe treatment option for hyposalivation.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC,BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
Subject
/ Agonists
/ Animals
/ Diarrhea
/ Iodine
/ Male
/ Medicine
/ Muscarinic Agonists - administration & dosage
/ Muscarinic Agonists - pharmacology
/ Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
/ Pilocarpine - administration & dosage
/ Rats
/ RK1-715
/ Safety
/ Saliva
/ Salivary Glands - drug effects
/ Salivary Glands - metabolism
/ Skin
/ Submandibular Gland - drug effects
/ Submandibular Gland - metabolism
/ Sweat
/ Sweating
/ Testing
