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Fast modulation of visual perception by basal forebrain cholinergic neurons
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Fast modulation of visual perception by basal forebrain cholinergic neurons
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Journal Article
Fast modulation of visual perception by basal forebrain cholinergic neurons
2013
Overview
Cholinergic transmission from the basal forebrain provides neuromodulatory control over brain states such as wakefulness and sleep. Here the authors show that cholinergic input bidirectionally and dynamically modulates cortical processing of sensory inputs and influences visual perception in awake, behaving mice.
The basal forebrain provides the primary source of cholinergic input to the cortex, and it has a crucial function in promoting wakefulness and arousal. However, whether rapid changes in basal forebrain neuron spiking in awake animals can dynamically influence sensory perception is unclear. Here we show that basal forebrain cholinergic neurons rapidly regulate cortical activity and visual perception in awake, behaving mice. Optogenetic activation of the cholinergic neurons or their V1 axon terminals improved performance of a visual discrimination task on a trial-by-trial basis. In V1, basal forebrain activation enhanced visual responses and desynchronized neuronal spiking; these changes could partly account for the behavioral improvement. Conversely, optogenetic basal forebrain inactivation decreased behavioral performance, synchronized cortical activity and impaired visual responses, indicating the importance of cholinergic activity in normal visual processing. These results underscore the causal role of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons in fast, bidirectional modulation of cortical processing and sensory perception.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group US,Nature Publishing Group
Subject
/ 14/19
/ 14/35
/ 14/63
/ 64/110
/ 9/30
/ Action Potentials - drug effects
/ Action Potentials - physiology
/ Animal Genetics and Genomics
/ Animals
/ Archaeal Proteins - metabolism
/ Choline O-Acetyltransferase - genetics
/ Cholinergic Neurons - physiology
/ Glutamate Decarboxylase - genetics
/ Lasers
/ Luminescent Proteins - genetics
/ Mice
/ Neural Pathways - physiology
/ Neurons
/ Power
