Journal Article

Harnessing the power of Neobacillus niacini AUMC-B524 for silver oxide nanoparticle synthesis: optimization, characterization, and bioactivity exploration

Elshobary, Mostafa E., Nouh, Hoda S., Zabed, Hossain M., El-Zawawy, Nessma A., El-Sapagh, Shimaa H., Alquraishi, Mohammed

2024

Overview

Background Biotechnology provides a cost-effective way to produce nanomaterials such as silver oxide nanoparticles (Ag 2 ONPs), which have emerged as versatile entities with diverse applications. This study investigated the ability of endophytic bacteria to biosynthesize Ag 2 ONPs. Results A novel endophytic bacterial strain, Neobacillus niacini AUMC-B524 , was isolated from Lycium shawii Roem. & Schult leaves and used to synthesize Ag 2 ONPS extracellularly. Plackett–Burman design and response surface approach was carried out to optimize the biosynthesis of Ag 2 ONPs (Bio-Ag 2 ONPs). Comprehensive characterization techniques, including UV–vis spectral analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, dynamic light scattering analysis, Raman microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray analysis, confirmed the precise composition of the Ag 2 ONPS. Bio-Ag 2 ONPs were effective against multidrug-resistant wound pathogens, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (1–25 µg mL −1 ). Notably, Bio-Ag 2 ONPs demonstrated no cytotoxic effects on human skin fibroblasts (HSF) in vitro, while effectively suppressing the proliferation of human epidermoid skin carcinoma (A-431) cells, inducing apoptosis and modulating the key apoptotic genes including Bcl-2 associated X protein ( Bax ), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Caspase-3 ( Cas-3 ), and guardian of the genome ( P53 ). Conclusions These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of Bio-Ag 2 ONPs synthesized by endophytic N. niacini AUMC-B524, underscoring their antibacterial efficacy, anticancer activity, and biocompatibility, paving the way for novel therapeutic strategies.

• Publisher: BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,BMC
• Subject: Analysis / Anti-Bacterial Agents - biosynthesis / Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology / Antibacterial / Anticancer / Apoptosis / Apoptosis - drug effects / Applied Microbiology / Bacillaceae - metabolism / Bacteria / Biosynthesis / Biotechnology / Chemistry / Chemistry and Materials Science / Diffraction / Endophytic bacteria / Enzymology / Fibroblasts - drug effects / Gene expression / Genetic Engineering / Genomics / Health aspects / Humans / Infrared spectroscopy / Lymphomas / Metal Nanoparticles - chemistry / Microbial Genetics and Genomics / Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Microbiology / Nanoparticles / Oxides - chemistry / Oxides - pharmacology / Physiological aspects / Properties / Silver / Silver Compounds - chemistry / Silver Compounds - pharmacology / Silver oxide / Silver oxide nanoparticles / Tumor proteins / X-rays