Journal Article

An international multidisciplinary consensus statement on MAFLD and the risk of CVD

Eslam, Mohammed, Cai, Jingjing, Somers, Virend, Chahal, C. Anwar A, Alqahtani, Saleh A, Cortez-Pinto, Helena, Kim, Seung Up, Huang, Yuli, Nguyen, Mindie H, Sebastiani, Giada, Ghazinyan, Hasmik, Ikonomidis, Ignatios, Steg, Philippe Gabriel, Sun, Aijun, Pastori, Daniele, Zheng, Ming-Hua, Li, Jian-Jun, Zhou, Xiao-Dong, Huang, Hui, Yilmaz, Yusuf, Méndez-Sánchez, Nahum, Targher, Giovanni, Hamaguchi, Masahide, Sung, Ki-Chul, Ryan, John D, Fan, Jian-Gao, Wong, Vincent Wai-Sun, Hamid, Saeed, Chan, Wah Kheong, Treeprasertsuk, Sombat, Shapiro, Michael D, Lupsor-Platon, Monica, Tilg, Herbert, de Knegt, Robert J, Papatheodoridis, George V, Perera, Nilanka, Misra, Anoop, Byrne, Christopher D, Fudim, Marat, Lip, Gregory Y. H, Ocama, Ponsiano, Romero-Gomez, Manuel, Boursier, Jerome, Brotons, Carlos, Son, Jang Won, George, Jacob, Goh, George Boon-Bee, Al Mahtab, Mamun

2023

Overview

Background Fatty liver disease in the absence of excessive alcohol consumption is an increasingly common condition with a global prevalence of ~ 25–30% and is also associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Since systemic metabolic dysfunction underlies its pathogenesis, the term metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has been proposed for this condition. MAFLD is closely intertwined with obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and atherogenic dyslipidemia, which are established cardiovascular risk factors. Unlike CVD, which has received attention in the literature on fatty liver disease, the CVD risk associated with MAFLD is often underestimated, especially among Cardiologists. Methods and results A multidisciplinary panel of fifty-two international experts comprising Hepatologists, Endocrinologists, Diabetologists, Cardiologists and Family Physicians from six continents (Asia, Europe, North America, South America, Africa and Oceania) participated in a formal Delphi survey and developed consensus statements on the association between MAFLD and the risk of CVD. Statements were developed on different aspects of CVD risk, ranging from epidemiology to mechanisms, screening, and management. Conculsions The expert panel identified important clinical associations between MAFLD and the risk of CVD that could serve to increase awareness of the adverse metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes of MAFLD. Finally, the expert panel also suggests potential areas for future research.

• Publisher: Springer,Springer Science and Business Media LLC,Springer India,Springer Nature B.V,Springer Internat. Publ
• Subject: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] / Agreements / and Metabolism / Asia / associated fatty liver disease / Atherosclerosis / Cardiology / Cardiovascular disease / cardiovascular disease; consensus; delphi survey; mafld; metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease; non-alcoholic fatty liver diseas / Cardiovascular Diseases / Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology / Cardiovascular Diseases - etiology / CLINICAL MEDICINE / Clinical Medicine (MED) / Colorectal Surgery / Consensus / Dahili Tıp Bilimleri / Delphi survey / Diabetes / Diabetes mellitus / Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent) / Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications / Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - epidemiology / Dyslipidemia / Endocrinology / Epidemiology / Fatty liver / Gastroenterology / GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY / Gastroenterology and Hepatology / GASTROENTEROLOJİ VE HEPATOLOJİ / Gastroenteroloji-(Hepatoloji) / Health risks / Health Sciences / Heart diseases / Hepatology / Hepatoloji / Humans / Hypertension / Insulin resistance / Internal Diseases / Internal Medicine Sciences / İç Hastalıkları / Klinik Tıp / Klinik Tıp (MED) / Life Sciences / Lifestyles / Liver / Liver Diseases / MAFLD / Medicine / Medicine & Public Health / Metabolic (dysfunction) / Metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease / Metabolism / Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Obesity / Overweight / Pathogenesis / Population / Questionnaires / Risk assessment / Risk factors / Sağlık Bilimleri / SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being / Surgery / Tıp / Weight control